The central dogma of molecular biology is centered upon the process of _________, in which the information from DNA is transcribed and translated, resulting in amino acids being joined into polypeptides.
Responses
A replicationreplication
B translationtranslation
C protein synthesisprotein synthesis
D carbohydrate synthesis
The correct answer is B) translation.
To arrive at this answer, we need to understand the central dogma of molecular biology and the processes involved in it.
The central dogma states that genetic information flows from DNA to RNA to proteins. It describes how the genetic code within DNA is transcribed into RNA, and then translated into proteins.
Here's how you can reason your way to the answer:
1. The central dogma involves the transfer of genetic information from DNA to proteins.
2. Replication is the process of making an identical copy of DNA, which is not directly involved in the transfer of genetic information to proteins.
3. Carbohydrate synthesis refers to the creation of carbohydrates, which is not directly related to the central dogma or the transfer of genetic information.
4. Protein synthesis involves the creation of proteins from amino acids, which aligns with the descriptions in the question.
By eliminating options A (replication) and D (carbohydrate synthesis), we can conclude that the correct answer is B) translation, which is the process where the genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA) is decoded into a specific sequence of amino acids to make a protein.