SECTION C SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS [30 MARKS]
Answer ALL questions in this section.
1. Give six factors that influence job satisfaction. (6 marks)
2. Individuals react to stress differently. Differentiate how Type A personalities and Type B
personalities experience stress. (6 marks)
3. Summarise the link between dynamics of personality and life expectations. (4 marks)
4. Distinguish extrovert and introvert personality. (4 marks)
5. Explain any three aspects of business ethics as cited by De Gorge and Webley.
(6 marks)
6. Examine the role of ethics in the modern business landscape. (4 marks)
1. Six factors that influence job satisfaction include:
- Salary and compensation: the level of pay and benefits received for the work performed.
- Work-life balance: the ability to balance work responsibilities with personal or family obligations.
- Job security: the perceived stability and likelihood of keeping the job in the long term.
- Opportunities for growth and advancement: the chance to learn and develop new skills and progress in the organization.
- Work environment: the physical conditions and atmosphere in which the job is performed.
- Relationship with colleagues and supervisors: the quality of interactions and support received from coworkers and managers.
2. Type A personalities and Type B personalities experience stress differently. Type A personalities tend to be workaholics, highly competitive, and prone to impatience and time urgency. They may perceive stress in situations where they face deadlines, competition, or pressure to achieve goals. They often experience stress as a result of their relentless pursuit of success and high achievement. On the other hand, Type B personalities are generally more relaxed, easy-going, and laid-back. They may still experience stress, but they are less likely to feel intense pressure in demanding situations. Type B personalities often have a more balanced approach to work and life, resulting in less stress.
3. The link between dynamics of personality and life expectations can be summarized as follows: an individual's personality traits and characteristics can influence their expectations for various aspects of life. For example, someone with an extroverted personality may have high expectations for social interaction and prefer jobs or environments that allow for frequent social engagement. On the other hand, someone with an introverted personality may have lower expectations for social interaction and prefer more solitary or independent activities. These expectations can impact the individual's satisfaction and fulfillment in different areas of life.
4. Extrovert and introvert personalities can be distinguished as follows:
- Extroverts are energized by social interaction and external stimulation. They tend to be outgoing, assertive, and enjoy being around people. Extroverts often thrive in group settings, have a wide circle of friends, and are comfortable with public speaking or networking.
- Introverts, on the other hand, find social interaction draining and tend to recharge by spending time alone. They are more reserved, reflective, and prefer quieter, more solitary activities. Introverts may have a smaller circle of close friends or prefer one-on-one interactions over large social gatherings.
5. Three aspects of business ethics as cited by De Gorge and Webley include:
- Integrity: behaving in a trustworthy and honest manner, adhering to moral principles and ethical standards.
- Fairness: treating all individuals and stakeholders in a just and equitable manner, without discrimination or bias.
- Social responsibility: considering the impact of business actions on society and acting in a way that benefits the broader community and environment.
6. The role of ethics in the modern business landscape is crucial. Ethics provides guidelines and principles for decision-making, ensuring that businesses operate in a morally responsible manner. It helps establish trust and credibility with stakeholders, including employees, customers, and investors. Ethical behavior also contributes to a positive organizational culture and can enhance employee satisfaction and engagement. Additionally, ethical business practices can lead to increased reputation and long-term sustainability, as consumers and society increasingly expect and demand ethical behavior from businesses.