In bacteria, binary fission can be modeled in
a four-step process.
Step 1: DNA Replication
Before binary fission can occur, the bacterial cell must replicate its DNA. This involves the synthesis of a new DNA strand to make an identical copy of the original chromosome. The replicated DNA is attached to the cell membrane.
Step 2: Elongation
Once the DNA is replicated, the cell elongates and grows in size. This is necessary to accommodate the increased amount of DNA and other cellular components that will be divided between the two daughter cells.
Step 3: Septum Formation
As the cell elongates, a septum (a partitioning wall) begins to form across the middle of the cell. This septum is formed by the inward growth of the cell membrane and cell wall. It gradually gets closer to the center of the cell, eventually dividing it into two distinct compartments.
Step 4: Cell Separation
The septum continues to grow until it completely divides the cell into two separate daughter cells. Each daughter cell contains a copy of the replicated DNA, as well as other cellular components. The cell wall and membrane eventually seal off, completing the process of binary fission.
Overall, binary fission is a relatively quick and efficient method of cell division in bacteria. It allows for rapid population growth and can result in the exponential increase in the number of bacteria in a short period of time.