The phase of the cell cycle during which cell division occurs and results in the formation of two identical daughter cells is called the M phase (or mitotic phase). The M phase is further divided into four stages: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. During these stages, the nuclear envelope breaks down, the chromosomes align in the middle of the cell, the sister chromatids separate and move towards opposite poles of the cell, and finally, two new nuclear envelopes form around the separated chromosomes, resulting in the formation of two identical daughter cells.
