Phases of the Cell Cycle
Phase Stage Description
Interphase
(longest phase)
growth, organelle replication and the cell functions (longest stage)
(synthesis) DNA (chromosomes) replicated and the cell functions
growth, organelle replication and cell functions -prep for division
Mitotic (M) Phase
nuclear division (PMAT) → 2 nuclei
cell division → 2 identical daughter cells
1. Interphase: This is the longest phase of the cell cycle where the cell prepares for division. It is divided into three stages:
- G1 phase: The cell grows and carries out its normal functions.
- S phase: DNA replication occurs, resulting in the duplication of chromosomes.
- G2 phase: The cell continues to grow and prepare for cell division.
2. Mitotic (M) phase: This phase involves nuclear division and cell division, resulting in the formation of two identical daughter cells. It is divided into several stages:
- Prophase: The nuclear envelope breaks down, and the chromosomes condense and become visible.
- Metaphase: The condensed chromosomes line up at the center of the cell.
- Anaphase: The sister chromatids separate and move to opposite ends of the cell.
- Telophase: The chromosomes reach the opposite ends of the cell, and the nuclear envelope reforms around each set of chromosomes.
- Cytokinesis: The cytoplasm divides, resulting in the formation of two separate daughter cells.