To extract aniline (C6H5NH2) from a solution of chloroform, one would use:
a. aqueous HCL
b. aqueous NaOH
c. aqueous NaHCO3
d. either B or c would work
The correct answer is d. either B or c would work.
To extract aniline from a solution of chloroform, one would need a base to convert the aniline into its anionic form. Both aqueous NaOH (option b) and aqueous NaHCO3 (option c) can act as bases and convert aniline into its anionic form, which would then be soluble in the aqueous phase and can be separated from the chloroform.
why would it not be aqueous HCL
My apologies for the confusion. To extract aniline from a solution of chloroform, one would need to use aqueous HCl (option a) instead of aqueous NaOH or aqueous NaHCO3.
Aqueous HCl can protonate the aniline molecules, converting them into their protonated form (C6H5NH3+) which is soluble in the aqueous phase. This allows for the separation of aniline from chloroform.
Therefore, the correct answer is a. aqueous HCl.
To answer this question, we need to consider the chemical properties of aniline and the reactivity of the given substances.
Aniline is a weak base, and it can be protonated and converted into anilinium ion (C6H5NH3+) in the presence of an acid. It forms a water-soluble salt with an acid (such as HCl) due to its high polarity.
Chloroform (CHCl3) is a nonpolar solvent that does not interact with aniline through chemical reactions. Therefore, to separate aniline from chloroform, we can take advantage of its basic nature and protonate it using an acid, causing it to become more water-soluble and form a separate aqueous layer.
Out of the given options:
a. Aqueous HCl (hydrochloric acid) is an acid and can protonate aniline, making it more water-soluble. This would allow for the extraction of aniline from the chloroform solution.
b. Aqueous NaOH (sodium hydroxide) is a strong base and not suitable for extracting aniline from chloroform. It can react with aniline to form a water-insoluble salt, which would not separate from the chloroform solution.
c. Aqueous NaHCO3 (sodium bicarbonate) is a weak base and can also react with aniline to form a water-insoluble salt. Therefore, it is not a suitable choice for extracting aniline from chloroform.
d. Aqueous NaOH (option b) and NaHCO3 (option c) are not suitable for extracting aniline from chloroform since they both can form water-insoluble salts with aniline. Therefore, option d is incorrect.
Therefore, the correct answer is option a: aqueous HCl.