What was the social structure in Indus and Egypt civilizations?
The social structure in the Indus and Egyptian civilizations was quite different.
In the Indus civilization, the social structure was relatively egalitarian. There was evidence of a well-planned city layout, with cities like Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro having grid-like street patterns and well-constructed houses. The cities were not centered around a central palace or a temple, suggesting that there was no central authority figure. The society was likely organized into smaller communities, with each community having its own local leader. In terms of occupation, there is evidence of a specialization system, with different groups of people engaging in different professions such as farming, craftsmanship, trading, etc.
In contrast, the social structure in ancient Egypt was hierarchical and centralized. At the top of the pyramid was the pharaoh, who was believed to be a god-king and the absolute ruler. Below the pharaoh were the nobles and priests, who held significant power and wealth. Priests were responsible for carrying out religious rituals and managing the temples. Nobles served as advisors to the pharaoh and held important administrative roles. The majority of the population consisted of farmers and peasants, who were responsible for agricultural activities. Slavery also existed in ancient Egypt, with slaves being mostly prisoners of war or individuals who were in debt.