how can the consitution be amended

The Constitution can be amended through a process outlined in Article V. There are two ways to propose an amendment:

1. Proposal by Congress: Two-thirds of both the House of Representatives and the Senate must vote in favor of proposing the amendment.
2. Proposal by Convention: Two-thirds of state legislatures can call for a national convention to propose amendments.

Once an amendment is proposed, it must be ratified by three-fourths of the states. There are two ways to ratify an amendment:

1. Ratification by State Legislatures: Three-fourths of state legislatures must approve the proposed amendment.
2. Ratification by State Conventions: Three-fourths of state conventions can convene and approve the proposed amendment.

The specific method of ratification is determined by Congress when proposing the amendment. Additionally, the Constitution can also be amended through the process of constitutional conventions, but this method has never been used.