Van der Waal’s forces:

Van der Waal's forces, also known as London dispersion forces, are weak intermolecular forces that exist between all molecules. They are caused by temporary fluctuations in electron distribution within a molecule, resulting in temporary dipoles. These temporary dipoles induce similar temporary dipoles in neighboring molecules, leading to attraction between the molecules.

Van der Waal's forces are the weakest intermolecular forces, and their strength increases with the size and shape of the molecules involved. The larger the molecule, the more electrons it contains and the more polarizable it is, resulting in stronger Van der Waal's forces.

These forces play a crucial role in determining the physical properties of substances, such as boiling and melting points. Substances with stronger Van der Waal's forces tend to have higher boiling and melting points. Similarly, they also affect the solubility of substances in different solvents.

Overall, Van der Waal's forces are important in understanding various phenomena in chemistry, such as molecular interactions, phase changes, and the behavior of molecules in different environments.