Complete the following sentences:
Cellular respiration uses one glucose molecule to produce energy in the form of _____. Approximately _____ of this energy is converted into thermal energy.
(1 point)
Responses
48 ATPs; 68%
48 ATPs; 68%
4 ATPs; 30%
4 ATPs; 30%
36 ATPs; 64%
36 ATPs; 64%
32 ATPs; 56%
32 ATPs; 56%
explain why?
Cellular respiration is a process that occurs in the cells of organisms to convert glucose molecules into energy in the form of ATP (adenosine triphosphate). Through a series of metabolic reactions, glucose is broken down in the presence of oxygen to produce ATP. The exact number of ATP molecules produced can vary depending on the specific cellular respiration pathway and the organism involved, but on average, approximately 32 ATPs are generated from the breakdown of one glucose molecule.
The remaining energy produced during cellular respiration is released as thermal energy or heat. This is because cellular respiration is not a 100% efficient process and a small percentage of energy is lost as heat during various chemical reactions and energy conversions.
Therefore, approximately 56% of the energy obtained from the breakdown of glucose during cellular respiration is converted into thermal energy. This energy loss occurs as a result of factors such as inefficiency of energy transfer, heat generation during enzymatic reactions, and heat dissipation in the cellular environment.
To complete the sentences, we need to determine the correct answer regarding the energy produced by cellular respiration.
Cellular respiration uses one glucose molecule to produce energy in the form of ATP (adenosine triphosphate). ATP is a molecule that carries and releases energy for cellular processes.
To find the correct response, we need to know how many ATP molecules are produced from one glucose molecule in cellular respiration and the percentage of this energy that is converted into thermal energy.
In aerobic respiration, which occurs in the presence of oxygen, a total of 36-38 ATP molecules are produced from one glucose molecule. However, this question is asking for the net ATP produced, not the gross ATP. So, let's consider the net ATP produced.
During glycolysis, which is the initial step in cellular respiration, 2 ATP molecules are formed. However, there's a subsequent expenditure of 2 ATP molecules during the energy investment phase of glycolysis. Therefore, the net ATP produced during glycolysis is 2 ATP.
Next, in the citric acid cycle, also known as the Krebs cycle, 2 ATP molecules are produced per glucose molecule.
Lastly, in the electron transport chain, which takes place within the mitochondria, around 32 ATP molecules are formed.
So, to calculate the total net ATP produced, we sum the ATP molecules produced during glycolysis, citric acid cycle, and electron transport chain:
Net ATP produced = ATP from glycolysis + ATP from citric acid cycle + ATP from electron transport chain
= 2 ATP + 2 ATP + 32 ATP
= 36 ATP
Now, in terms of the percentage of this energy that is converted into thermal energy, approximately 64% of the energy produced through cellular respiration is converted into thermal energy.
Therefore, the completed sentences are:
Cellular respiration uses one glucose molecule to produce energy in the form of 36 ATPs. Approximately 64% of this energy is converted into thermal energy.
The correct answer from the given options is:
(1 point)
Response: 36 ATPs; 64%