Five stages of group development
The five stages of group development, as originally proposed by psychologist Bruce Tuckman, are:
1. Forming: This is the initial stage where group members come together and start to get to know one another. There may be uncertainty and hesitation as individuals try to establish their roles and understand the purpose of the group.
2. Storming: In this stage, conflicts and disagreements may start to emerge as group members assert their independence and vie for power. This stage is characterized by a high level of emotion and potential tension as the group works through these conflicts.
3. Norming: The norming stage is marked by the establishment of clearer group norms and rules. Group members start to develop a sense of cohesion and unity as they begin to work together more effectively and find common ground.
4. Performing: This is the stage when the group is functioning at its optimal level, with members working collaboratively and efficiently towards achieving their goals. Trust and cooperation among group members are high, and tasks are completed effectively.
5. Adjourning: In the final stage, the group disbands or completes its task. This stage may elicit mixed emotions, as members reflect on the achievements and relationships formed within the group.
It's important to note that these stages are not always linear, and groups may cycle back and forth between stages or skip certain stages altogether depending on the nature of the group and the tasks at hand.