2. scatterplot

A scatterplot is a type of data visualization that displays the relationship between two variables. It consists of a grid where each point represents a unique combination of values for the two variables being plotted.

The x-axis represents one variable, while the y-axis represents the other variable. Each data point is plotted at the intersection of its corresponding x and y values. The position of the point on the graph indicates the specific values of the two variables for that data point.

Scatterplots are useful for quickly identifying patterns or trends in data. They can show whether there is a positive, negative, or no relationship between the two variables. Additionally, scatterplots can be used to detect outliers or clusters in the data.

For example, if we were plotting the height and weight of individuals on a scatterplot, we could see if there is a general trend that taller individuals tend to weigh more. We could also identify outliers if there are individuals who have significantly different height and weight values compared to the majority of the data.

Scatterplots can be enhanced with additional elements such as a regression line or color-coding points based on another variable. These additions can provide further insights into the relationships between variables in the data.