ring of fire

The "Ring of Fire" commonly refers to a major area in the basin of the Pacific Ocean where a large number of earthquakes and volcanic eruptions occur. It is a direct result of plate tectonics and the movement and collisions of lithospheric plates. The Ring of Fire is formed by a nearly continuous series of oceanic trenches, volcanic arcs, volcanic belts, and plate movements.

Approximately 90% of the world's earthquakes occur along the Ring of Fire, which stretches for about 40,000 kilometers (25,000 miles) in a horseshoe shape. It starts from the western coast of South America, goes up along the western coast of North America, across the Aleutian Islands in Alaska, down the eastern coast of Russia, Japan, the Philippines, and Indonesia, and then curving around to New Zealand and back to South America.

The Ring of Fire is known for its volcanic activity as it houses a large number of active volcanoes, including famous ones like Mount St. Helens in the United States, Mount Fuji in Japan, Mount Vesuvius in Italy, and Mount Pinatubo in the Philippines. Volcanic eruptions in this region can lead to devastating consequences, including tsunamis, ash clouds, and pyroclastic flows, due to the high concentration of tectonic activity.