Create an upper secondary standard based lesson plan on metals and non metals
Title: Metals and Non-metals
Grade Level: Upper Secondary (Grades 10-12)
Subject: Chemistry
Duration: 45 minutes
Learning Objectives:
1. Understand the characteristics and properties of metals and non-metals.
2. Differentiate between metals and non-metals based on their physical and chemical properties.
3. Explain the reactivity series of metals and non-metals.
4. Identify the uses of metals and non-metals in everyday life.
Materials:
1. PowerPoint presentation or posters on metals and non-metals
2. Samples of different metals such as iron, copper, and aluminum
3. Samples of non-metals such as sulfur, carbon, and phosphorous
4. Test tubes, test tube holder, and a Bunsen burner
5. Reagents like hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, and water
6. Safety goggles and gloves
Procedure:
1. Introduction (5 minutes):
a. Begin the lesson by asking students about the different materials around them – Why are some materials shiny and conductive, while others are dull and insulators?
b. Present the learning objectives to the students.
2. Presentation on Metals and Non-metals (10 minutes):
a. Use a PowerPoint presentation or posters to explain the characteristics and properties of metals and non-metals. Include details such as physical appearance, conductivity, malleability, and melting points.
b. Highlight examples of common metals and non-metals found in daily life.
3. Experiment: Reactivity of Metals (15 minutes):
a. Demonstrate the reactivity of metals by performing a simple experiment.
b. Take three samples of metals, such as iron, copper, and aluminum.
c. Place each metal in separate test tubes.
d. Add a few drops of hydrochloric acid to each test tube and observe the reactions.
e. Discuss the observations and note the differences in reactivity among the metals.
4. Experiment: Reactivity of Non-metals (15 minutes):
a. Repeat the previous experiment using non-metals such as sulfur, carbon, and phosphorous.
b. Instead of hydrochloric acid, use sulfuric acid.
c. Observe the reactions and discuss the reactivity pattern among the non-metals.
5. Discussion and Conclusion (5 minutes):
a. Summarize the differences between metals and non-metals based on the experiments and properties discussed.
b. Engage the students in a class discussion by asking questions like:
- Why are metals generally good conductors of heat and electricity?
- What are the similarities and differences between the reactivity of metals and non-metals?
c. Conclude the lesson by reinforcing the uses of metals and non-metals in everyday life.
Assessment:
1. Ask students to compare the reactivity of metals and non-metals based on their experiment observations.
2. Assign a short writing task in which students describe the characteristics and properties of metals and non-metals.
3. Encourage students to come up with examples of the uses of metals and non-metals in daily life.
Note: Ensure to follow all safety protocols during the experiments and provide guidance to the students while handling chemicals and apparatus.