Describe the stages of nurse patient relationship
The stages of nurse-patient relationship can be generally divided into four phases:
1. Pre-interaction Phase: This stage occurs before the nurse and patient come into contact. The nurse reviews the patient's medical history and gathers background information about the patient's condition. This may involve conducting research, reviewing medical records, or consulting with other healthcare professionals.
2. Orientation Phase: This is the initial stage when the nurse and patient first meet. The nurse introduces themselves, establishes rapport, and begins to gather more detailed information about the patient's health condition and concerns. The nurse also clarifies the purpose and goals of the interaction, sets expectations, and provides relevant information about the healthcare facility or treatment process.
3. Working Phase: This phase focuses on the active participation and collaboration between the nurse and patient to achieve the desired outcomes. The nurse assesses the patient's health status, actively listens to their concerns and needs, and develops a care plan accordingly. During this phase, the nurse provides education, support, and therapeutic interventions to promote the patient's well-being and recovery. They also address any potential barriers, communicate effectively with the patient, and ensure a safe and comfortable environment for the patient.
4. Termination Phase: This is the final stage when the nurse-patient relationship concludes. It may occur when the patient is discharged, transferred to another healthcare facility, or the treatment process is completed. The nurse evaluates the effectiveness of the care provided, discusses the patient's progress, and plans for follow-up care if necessary. The nurse also offers emotional support, summarizes the patient's achievements, and provides information for ongoing self-care and health maintenance. Additionally, the nurse may make referrals or arrange resources for continued support after the termination of the relationship.
Throughout all these stages, it is essential for the nurse to maintain professionalism, respect patient autonomy, maintain confidentiality, and provide compassionate care.