What are the functions of the high-energy electrons in the electron transport chain?(1 point) Responses They make ATP from ADP. They make ATP from ADP. They hold water bonds. They hold water bonds. They carry NADH and FADH2. They carry NADH and FADH 2 . They create ATP synthase.
The correct answer is: They carry NADH and FADH2.
The correct answer is: They carry NADH and FADH2.
To get the answer, we need to understand the role of high-energy electrons in the electron transport chain.
The electron transport chain is a series of protein complexes embedded in the inner membrane of the mitochondria. Its main function is to generate ATP, the energy currency of the cell.
During cellular respiration, NADH and FADH2 molecules, which are produced in earlier stages of cellular respiration, donate their high-energy electrons to the electron transport chain. These electrons are then passed along a series of protein complexes within the chain.
As the electrons move through the electron transport chain, their energy is used to pump hydrogen ions (H+) across the inner membrane, creating a proton gradient. This gradient is essential for the generation of ATP.
At the end of the electron transport chain, the electrons combine with oxygen molecules to form water. However, it's important to note that the electrons themselves do not hold water bonds. Instead, they help facilitate the transfer of electrons in the chain.
In summary, the high-energy electrons in the electron transport chain carry NADH and FADH2 molecules, and their movement along the chain powers the production of ATP.