3.______________ requires managers to make decision on four fundamentals elements such as
objectives, action, resources and implementation.
A. Goals
B. Planning
C. Programmes
D. Control
B. Planning
The correct answer is B. Planning
The correct answer is B. Planning.
To arrive at this answer, let's break down the question:
The question is asking for a concept that requires managers to make decisions on four fundamental elements. The four fundamental elements mentioned are objectives, action, resources, and implementation.
In this context, goals refer to the desired outcomes or targets that an organization wants to achieve. While goals are a crucial part of the decision-making process, they are not specifically mentioned as one of the four elements in the question.
Programmes refer to a set of coordinated activities or initiatives aimed at achieving specific objectives. Although these activities may involve decision-making, they are not directly mentioned as one of the four elements in the question.
Control is the process of monitoring and regulating activities to ensure they adhere to established standards or objectives. While control is an essential aspect of management, it is not explicitly mentioned as one of the four elements in the question.
Planning, on the other hand, encompasses all four elements mentioned in the question: objectives, action, resources, and implementation. Planning involves setting objectives, determining the necessary actions to achieve those objectives, allocating resources, and planning the implementation process.
Therefore, the correct answer is B. Planning.