What method can be used to separate naphthalene -Sodium chloride mixture?
One method to separate a naphthalene-sodium chloride mixture is through sublimation.
Since naphthalene is a solid that can sublime (transition directly from a solid to a gas), while sodium chloride is a solid that does not sublime, the process of sublimation can be used to separate them.
Here's the step-by-step process:
1. Take the naphthalene-sodium chloride mixture and transfer it into a heat-resistant container (such as a beaker or a watch glass).
2. Place the heat-resistant container on a tripod stand with a wire gauze above a Bunsen burner or a hot plate.
3. Apply gentle and uniform heat to the container, ensuring that it does not get too hot. The heat should be sufficient to sublimate the naphthalene.
4. The naphthalene will start to evaporate from the solid state and rise up as gas. This separation occurs because the temperature is above the melting point of naphthalene, but below the melting point of sodium chloride.
5. Allow the naphthalene vapor to cool down and solidify on a cooler surface such as a glass rod or a wall of the container.
6. The naphthalene will be left behind in the solid state on the surface, while the sodium chloride remains unchanged in the original container.
7. Carefully collect the solidified naphthalene, which you can later weigh or analyze.
8. The sodium chloride can be separated from the container by pouring it out or by dissolving it in water and filtering it.
By using sublimation, the naphthalene is separated from the sodium chloride based on its different physical properties, specifically its ability to sublime.
One method that can be used to separate a naphthalene-Sodium chloride mixture is through the process of sublimation.
Here is a step-by-step guide on how to separate naphthalene and Sodium chloride using sublimation:
Step 1: Gather the necessary materials and equipment including the naphthalene-Sodium chloride mixture, a heat source (such as a Bunsen burner or hot plate), a heat-resistant container, and a cold surface (such as a cold water bath or an ice bath).
Step 2: Place the mixture in the heat-resistant container. Ensure that the mixture is spread out evenly and is not packed tightly.
Step 3: Heat the mixture gently using the heat source. The naphthalene will sublimate and vaporize into the gaseous state, while the Sodium chloride will remain solid.
Step 4: Allow the volatilized naphthalene gas to cool and condense onto the cold surface. The naphthalene will form solid crystals on the cold surface.
Step 5: Carefully collect the solid naphthalene crystals from the cold surface.
Step 6: The remaining solid Sodium chloride can be separated from the naphthalene crystals by simply pouring them off, as they have different physical properties.
Step 7: Finally, the separated naphthalene crystals can be further purified by an additional method, such as recrystallization, if desired.
Note: It is important to carry out this process in a well-ventilated area or under a fume hood, as the sublimation of naphthalene can produce strong fumes. Also, exercise caution when handling hot surfaces and materials.
To separate a mixture of naphthalene and sodium chloride, you can use the method of sublimation. Here's how you can achieve it:
1. Set up the equipment: You will need a heat source (such as a Bunsen burner or a hot plate), a beaker or dish, a filter paper, and a glass funnel.
2. Apply heat: Place the mixture of naphthalene and sodium chloride in a heat-resistant container (such as a beaker) and heat it gently using the heat source.
3. Observe sublimation: As the mixture heats up, the naphthalene will undergo sublimation. Sublimation is the process where a solid directly converts into a gas without going through the liquid state.
4. Collect the sublimate: Position a cold surface (such as a dish or a flask) above the heat source. As the naphthalene vaporizes, it will come into contact with the cold surface and condense back into solid form, which can be collected as the sublimate.
5. Separate the remaining sodium chloride: After the sublimation process, the residue left in the original container will primarily consist of sodium chloride. You can separate it using the process of filtration. Set up a glass funnel with filter paper over another container, and carefully pour the remaining mixture through the filter. The sodium chloride, being insoluble in naphthalene vapor or gas, will remain on the filter paper, while the naphthalene gas passes through.
6. Collect the separated substances: Once the filtration process is complete, you will have two separate substances. The sublimate collected from the cold surface will be naphthalene, and the solid remaining on the filter paper will be sodium chloride.
Remember to exercise caution and follow appropriate safety protocols while conducting experiments involving heat sources and chemicals.