Which dose a seismograph record?
answers:
vibrations of an earthquake
flow speed of a volcano
wind of a hurricane
temperature of a wildfire
The correct answer is "vibrations of an earthquake." A seismograph is an instrument used to record and measure the seismic waves generated by an earthquake. It detects and records the ground motions caused by the earthquake vibrations.
A seismograph records vibrations of an earthquake.
To understand how a seismograph works, it is important to know that earthquakes create seismic waves, which are vibrations that travel through the Earth's crust. Seismographs are instruments designed to detect and measure these waves.
Here's a step-by-step explanation of how a seismograph records the vibrations of an earthquake:
1. Seismographs consist of a stable base, a mass suspended from a spring or pendulum, and a recording device. The base is securely anchored to the ground, while the mass and spring are sensitive to movements.
2. When an earthquake occurs, seismic waves travel through the ground and cause it to vibrate. These vibrations are transferred to the seismograph's base.
3. The suspended mass inside the seismograph remains relatively stationary due to inertia. However, the base shakes, causing the mass to move with the vibrations.
4. As the mass moves with the ground vibrations, it remains relatively inert while the base moves beneath it. This relative motion is detected by the seismograph's recording device.
5. The recording device may consist of a stylus attached to the mass and a drum or paper that rotates underneath it. Alternatively, modern seismographs use electronic sensors and computer systems to record and analyze the data.
6. When the base moves, the stylus attached to the mass moves with it, creating a trace on the rotating drum or paper. This trace is called a seismogram and represents the recorded vibrations of the earthquake.
By analyzing the seismogram, scientists can determine the magnitude, duration, and other characteristics of an earthquake. This data helps in understanding and monitoring seismic activity, contributing to earthquake research and public safety measures.
Wind speed and storm surge are data collected to study which natural hazard?
earthquake
hurricane
wildfire
volcano
The correct answer is "hurricane." Wind speed and storm surge are data collected to study hurricanes, which are powerful tropical storms characterized by strong winds and heavy rainfall. Wind speed is a critical parameter to assess the intensity of a hurricane, while storm surge refers to the rise in sea level that occurs as a hurricane approaches land. Monitoring and studying these factors help in understanding the behavior, track, and potential impacts of hurricanes, thereby contributing to better preparedness and response strategies.
Which is a way to decrease lives lost in any natural hazard?
answers:
Personal radars
air quality testing
Early warnings
watering the forests
The correct answer is "Early warnings." Early warnings are a crucial way to decrease lives lost in any natural hazard. By having effective forecasting systems and alert mechanisms in place, people can be notified and take necessary precautions well in advance of a natural disaster. This allows for timely evacuation, preparation, and implementation of safety measures, ultimately saving lives and minimizing the impact of the event. Personal radars, air quality testing, and watering the forests can have their own benefits in certain contexts but are not directly related to decreasing lives lost in natural hazards as early warnings are.
The National Parks Service occasionally conducts controlled burns. How do these decrease the number of forest fires?
answers:
By destroying all trees so no forest fires are possible.
By removing small plants that provide fuel for fires
By getting rid of plants near buildings so they will not burn down.
By shutting down parks so people cant accidentally start fires.
The correct answer is "By removing small plants that provide fuel for fires." Controlled burns conducted by the National Parks Service are aimed at reducing the risk of more severe and uncontrolled wildfires. These controlled burns are carefully planned and executed under controlled conditions to remove accumulated vegetation, such as dry grasses, shrubs, and small trees. By removing this fuel source, the controlled burns help decrease the amount of available flammable material, making it more difficult for wildfires to spread and reducing the intensity of future fires. This proactive approach to managing vegetation helps maintain healthier ecosystems and reduce the risk of destructive wildfires. The other provided answers do not accurately describe the purpose or impact of controlled burns in relation to reducing forest fires.
What should ordinary people do to best reduce the impact and loss of lives from a volcano?
answers:
Keep their eyes and mouths uncovered
Learn to use scientific equipment
Follow advice of first responders
Buy special preventative equipment