Why did the British want to expand control into the Ohio Valley in the mid-1700s?(1 point) Responses to put French settlers there under English rule to put French settlers there under English rule to gain access to the region’s natural resources to gain access to the region’s natural resources to demonstrate Britain’s strength to France and Spain to demonstrate Britain’s strength to France and Spain to force the French out of North America to force the French out of North America Question 2 What was the significance of the battle at Fort Necessity?(1 point) Responses The battle ended in a stalemate but with heavy losses on both sides. The battle ended in a stalemate but with heavy losses on both sides. It was one of the first battles of the French and Indian War. It was one of the first battles of the French and Indian War. The battle ended the French and Indian War. The battle ended the French and Indian War. British defeated the French and went on to claim Fort Duquesne. British defeated the French and went on to claim Fort Duquesne. Question 3 What was the primary reason Parliament passed these acts? (1 point) Responses To recover the cost of defending the colonies To recover the cost of defending the colonies To fund the establishment of new colonies To fund the establishment of new colonies To encourage foreign trade with the colonies To encourage foreign trade with the colonies To promote the growth of cottage industries in the colonies To promote the growth of cottage industries in the colonies Question 4 In the text you read this about the aftermath of the Boston Massacre: The soldiers were arrested and tried in court. John Adams agreed to defend them, saying that they deserved a fair trial. He wanted to show the world that the colonists believed in justice, even if the British government did not. At the trial, Adams argued that the crowd had provoked the soldiers. His arguments convinced the jury. In the end, the heaviest punishment any soldier received was a branding on the hand. Use the excerpt to answer the question. How could John Adams defend the British soldiers but still be seen as a Patriot? (1 point) Responses Adams defended the soldiers because many Patriots asked him to. Adams defended the soldiers because many Patriots asked him to. Adams defended the soldiers while defending the Patriots' belief in justice. Adams defended the soldiers while defending the Patriots' belief in justice. Adams knew that many Patriots wanted the British soldiers to be set free. Adams knew that many Patriots wanted the British soldiers to be set free. Adams defended the soldiers because he thought it would make the British pity the Patriot cause. Adams defended the soldiers because he thought it would make the British pity the Patriot cause. Question 5 “Our Colonies must be the biggest Beggars in the World, if such small Duties appear to be intolerable Burdens in their Eyes.” —“Pacificus,” Maryland Gazette, March 20, 1766 Use the excerpt to answer the question. This excerpt is from a citizen in England in response to the colonial outrage toward the Stamp Act. What central argument of the American colonists against the Stamp Act is not understood by the writer? (1 point) Responses that it is not the amount of tax that is the problem but rather the fact that the colonists were not involved in passing the tax that it is not the amount of tax that is the problem but rather the fact that the colonists were not involved in passing the tax that although the tax is small, it is the idea that the colonists have to repay the British government for a war they did not support that is unjust that although the tax is small, it is the idea that the colonists have to repay the British government for a war they did not support that is unjust that trade was heavily restricted due to the taxes, which made it difficult for the colonists to make enough money to live let alone pay the taxes that trade was heavily restricted due to the taxes, which made it difficult for the colonists to make enough money to live let alone pay the taxes that the tax may seem small to those in England but for the American colonists it is a very large amount of money that the tax may seem small to those in England but for the American colonists it is a very large amount of money Question 6 Why did the British feel justified imposing the Stamp Act on the colonists? Select all that apply.(2 points) Responses British citizens living in England faced increased taxes due to wars in the colonies. British citizens living in England faced increased taxes due to wars in the colonies. The taxes were being used to raise money for more supplies for the colonists. The taxes were being used to raise money for more supplies for the colonists. The taxes protected colonists living in the Ohio River valley from Native Americans. The taxes protected colonists living in the Ohio River valley from Native Americans. Britain had spent money protecting colonists from the French. Britain had spent money protecting colonists from the French. Question 7 What was the purpose of the Olive Branch Petition?(1 point) Responses to raise a colonial army to raise a colonial army to declare war on England to declare war on England to convince France to enter the war to convince France to enter the war to declare allegiance to the King of England to declare allegiance to the King of England Question 8 Why were colonial minutemen so prepared for the arrival of the British in Concord? Select all that apply.(2 points) Responses When the British headed out, Americans hung two lamps as a warning signal. When the British headed out, Americans hung two lamps as a warning signal. When Washington saw the British, he fired three canon shots sending a warning signal. When Washington saw the British, he fired three canon shots sending a warning signal. The Green Mountain Boys hid in the bushes and warned the Continental Army. The Green Mountain Boys hid in the bushes and warned the Continental Army. Paul Revere had warned villages that the redcoats were coming. Paul Revere had warned villages that the redcoats were coming. Question 9 How did Washington gain control of Boston?(1 point) Responses He sent 16,000 troops to launch a surprise attack on the British fort protecting Boston. He sent 16,000 troops to launch a surprise attack on the British fort protecting Boston. He gained the trust of Native Americans who led a deadly attack on the British. He gained the trust of Native Americans who led a deadly attack on the British. He surrounded the harbor, giving them no option other than to surrender. He surrounded the harbor, giving them no option other than to surrender. He strategically placed cannons overlooking the harbor which forced out the British. He strategically placed cannons overlooking the harbor which forced out the British. Question 10 Select TWO of the following issues. How was each issue a cause of the American Revolution? Proclamation of 1763 The Stamp Act Lack of representation in Parliament British economic policies following the French and Indian War Think about the question carefully. Give examples to support your answer. (4 points)

Question

Why did the British want to expand control into the Ohio Valley in the mid-1700s?(1 point) Responses to put French settlers there under English rule to put French settlers there under English rule to gain access to the region’s natural resources to gain access to the region’s natural resources to demonstrate Britain’s strength to France and Spain to demonstrate Britain’s strength to France and Spain to force the French out of North America to force the French out of North America Question 2 What was the significance of the battle at Fort Necessity?(1 point) Responses The battle ended in a stalemate but with heavy losses on both sides. The battle ended in a stalemate but with heavy losses on both sides. It was one of the first battles of the French and Indian War. It was one of the first battles of the French and Indian War. The battle ended the French and Indian War. The battle ended the French and Indian War. British defeated the French and went on to claim Fort Duquesne. British defeated the French and went on to claim Fort Duquesne. Question 3 What was the primary reason Parliament passed these acts? (1 point) Responses To recover the cost of defending the colonies To recover the cost of defending the colonies To fund the establishment of new colonies To fund the establishment of new colonies To encourage foreign trade with the colonies To encourage foreign trade with the colonies To promote the growth of cottage industries in the colonies To promote the growth of cottage industries in the colonies Question 4 In the text you read this about the aftermath of the Boston Massacre: The soldiers were arrested and tried in court. John Adams agreed to defend them, saying that they deserved a fair trial. He wanted to show the world that the colonists believed in justice, even if the British government did not. At the trial, Adams argued that the crowd had provoked the soldiers. His arguments convinced the jury. In the end, the heaviest punishment any soldier received was a branding on the hand. Use the excerpt to answer the question. How could John Adams defend the British soldiers but still be seen as a Patriot? (1 point) Responses Adams defended the soldiers because many Patriots asked him to. Adams defended the soldiers because many Patriots asked him to. Adams defended the soldiers while defending the Patriots' belief in justice. Adams defended the soldiers while defending the Patriots' belief in justice. Adams knew that many Patriots wanted the British soldiers to be set free. Adams knew that many Patriots wanted the British soldiers to be set free. Adams defended the soldiers because he thought it would make the British pity the Patriot cause. Adams defended the soldiers because he thought it would make the British pity the Patriot cause. Question 5 “Our Colonies must be the biggest Beggars in the World, if such small Duties appear to be intolerable Burdens in their Eyes.” —“Pacificus,” Maryland Gazette, March 20, 1766 Use the excerpt to answer the question. This excerpt is from a citizen in England in response to the colonial outrage toward the Stamp Act. What central argument of the American colonists against the Stamp Act is not understood by the writer? (1 point) Responses that it is not the amount of tax that is the problem but rather the fact that the colonists were not involved in passing the tax that it is not the amount of tax that is the problem but rather the fact that the colonists were not involved in passing the tax that although the tax is small, it is the idea that the colonists have to repay the British government for a war they did not support that is unjust that although the tax is small, it is the idea that the colonists have to repay the British government for a war they did not support that is unjust that trade was heavily restricted due to the taxes, which made it difficult for the colonists to make enough money to live let alone pay the taxes that trade was heavily restricted due to the taxes, which made it difficult for the colonists to make enough money to live let alone pay the taxes that the tax may seem small to those in England but for the American colonists it is a very large amount of money that the tax may seem small to those in England but for the American colonists it is a very large amount of money Question 6 Why did the British feel justified imposing the Stamp Act on the colonists? Select all that apply.(2 points) Responses British citizens living in England faced increased taxes due to wars in the colonies. British citizens living in England faced increased taxes due to wars in the colonies. The taxes were being used to raise money for more supplies for the colonists. The taxes were being used to raise money for more supplies for the colonists. The taxes protected colonists living in the Ohio River valley from Native Americans. The taxes protected colonists living in the Ohio River valley from Native Americans. Britain had spent money protecting colonists from the French. Britain had spent money protecting colonists from the French. Question 7 What was the purpose of the Olive Branch Petition?(1 point) Responses to raise a colonial army to raise a colonial army to declare war on England to declare war on England to convince France to enter the war to convince France to enter the war to declare allegiance to the King of England to declare allegiance to the King of England Question 8 Why were colonial minutemen so prepared for the arrival of the British in Concord? Select all that apply.(2 points) Responses When the British headed out, Americans hung two lamps as a warning signal. When the British headed out, Americans hung two lamps as a warning signal. When Washington saw the British, he fired three canon shots sending a warning signal. When Washington saw the British, he fired three canon shots sending a warning signal. The Green Mountain Boys hid in the bushes and warned the Continental Army. The Green Mountain Boys hid in the bushes and warned the Continental Army. Paul Revere had warned villages that the redcoats were coming. Paul Revere had warned villages that the redcoats were coming. Question 9 How did Washington gain control of Boston?(1 point) Responses He sent 16,000 troops to launch a surprise attack on the British fort protecting Boston. He sent 16,000 troops to launch a surprise attack on the British fort protecting Boston. He gained the trust of Native Americans who led a deadly attack on the British. He gained the trust of Native Americans who led a deadly attack on the British. He surrounded the harbor, giving them no option other than to surrender. He surrounded the harbor, giving them no option other than to surrender. He strategically placed cannons overlooking the harbor which forced out the British. He strategically placed cannons overlooking the harbor which forced out the British. Question 10 Select TWO of the following issues. How was each issue a cause of the American Revolution? Proclamation of 1763 The Stamp Act Lack of representation in Parliament British economic policies following the French and Indian War Think about the question carefully. Give examples to support your answer. (4 points)

Answer 1

The Proclamation of 1763 was a cause of the American Revolution because it limited westward expansion and interfered with the colonists' ability to settle and make a living in the Ohio River Valley. This angered the colonists, who felt their rights were being restricted by the British government.

The Stamp Act was also a cause of the American Revolution because it imposed direct taxes on the colonists without their consent. The colonists believed that taxation without representation was a violation of their rights as British subjects. They protested the Stamp Act through acts of resistance, such as boycotting British goods and forming organizations like the Sons of Liberty. The resistance and protests against the Stamp Act played a crucial role in uniting the colonists against British rule and fostering a sense of shared grievances, leading to a growing call for independence.

Answer 2

1) The Proclamation of 1763 was a cause of the American Revolution because it restricted colonial expansion into the Ohio Valley, which angered colonists who wanted to settle in new territory. This led to feelings of resentment towards the British government and a desire for greater independence.

2) The Stamp Act was a cause of the American Revolution because it imposed direct taxes on the colonists without their consent. This violated the principle of "no taxation without representation" and sparked widespread protests and boycotts. The Stamp Act Congress was formed to challenge the act, and its repeal became a rallying cry for colonial resistance against British authority.

Answer 3

To answer the first question, "Why did the British want to expand control into the Ohio Valley in the mid-1700s?" The correct response is: to gain access to the region's natural resources. The British wanted to expand control into the Ohio Valley because it was rich in natural resources such as fur-bearing animals, timber, and fertile land for agriculture. These resources would benefit the British economy and strengthen their position in North America.

To answer the second question, "What was the significance of the battle at Fort Necessity?" The correct response is: It was one of the first battles of the French and Indian War. The battle at Fort Necessity was significant because it marked one of the first major military engagements of the French and Indian War. It took place in 1754, and although the battle ended in a defeat for the British, it set the stage for the conflict that would unfold between the British and French forces in North America.

To answer the third question, "What was the primary reason Parliament passed these acts?" The correct response is: To recover the cost of defending the colonies. The primary reason Parliament passed these acts, such as the Sugar Act and the Stamp Act, was to recover the cost of defending the colonies during the French and Indian War. The British government had incurred significant debt from the war and saw the American colonies as a source of revenue to help pay off this debt.

To answer the fourth question, "How could John Adams defend the British soldiers but still be seen as a Patriot?" The correct response is: Adams defended the soldiers while defending the Patriots' belief in justice. John Adams defended the British soldiers involved in the Boston Massacre because he believed in the principles of justice and fair trials. By providing a legal defense for the soldiers, Adams was upholding the idea that everyone, including the British soldiers, deserved a fair trial. This act demonstrated his commitment to justice and the rule of law, which were values shared by Patriots in the colonies.

To answer the fifth question, "This excerpt is from a citizen in England in response to the colonial outrage toward the Stamp Act. What central argument of the American colonists against the Stamp Act is not understood by the writer?" The correct response is: that although the tax is small, it is the idea that the colonists have to repay the British government for a war they did not support that is unjust. The writer in the excerpt does not understand the argument made by the American colonists that it was not the amount of tax that was the problem, but rather the fact that the colonists were being taxed without their consent and without representation in the British government. The colonists believed this violated their rights and principles of self-government.

To answer the sixth question, "Why did the British feel justified imposing the Stamp Act on the colonists?" The correct responses are: British citizens living in England faced increased taxes due to wars in the colonies, and Britain had spent money protecting colonists from the French. The British felt justified in imposing the Stamp Act on the colonists because British citizens living in England faced increased taxes due to the costly wars fought in the colonies, particularly the French and Indian War. Additionally, Britain had spent a significant amount of money protecting the colonial settlers from the French, so they believed the colonists should bear some of the financial burden.

To answer the seventh question, "What was the purpose of the Olive Branch Petition?" The correct response is: to declare allegiance to the King of England. The purpose of the Olive Branch Petition was to declare allegiance to the King of England and express the colonists' desire for peace and reconciliation with the British government. The petition was sent to King George III in 1775, before the Declaration of Independence, in an attempt to avoid further conflict and find a peaceful resolution to the grievances between the colonies and Britain.

To answer the eighth question, "Why were colonial minutemen so prepared for the arrival of the British in Concord?" The correct responses are: Paul Revere had warned villages that the redcoats were coming, and Americans hung two lamps as a warning signal. The colonial minutemen were prepared for the arrival of the British in Concord because they had received warnings about the approaching British troops. Paul Revere famously rode through the countryside warning villages of the British movement, and in the Old North Church, two lanterns were hung as a signal to indicate that the British were coming by sea. These warnings allowed the colonial minutemen to organize and prepare for the British arrival.

To answer the ninth question, "How did Washington gain control of Boston?" The correct response is: He strategically placed cannons overlooking the harbor which forced out the British. George Washington gained control of Boston by deploying cannons on the surrounding heights, particularly Dorchester Heights. This move placed the British forces in Boston under constant threat and made the harbor untenable for them. Faced with the prospect of an artillery bombardment from the Patriots, the British evacuated Boston in March 1776.

To answer the tenth question, "Select TWO of the following issues. How was each issue a cause of the American Revolution? Proclamation of 1763, The Stamp Act, Lack of representation in Parliament, British economic policies following the French and Indian War." The two issues that were causes of the American Revolution are: The Stamp Act and Lack of representation in Parliament.

- The Stamp Act was a direct tax on colonial paper goods imposed by the British government, which angered the colonists and led to widespread protests. It highlighted the issue of taxation without representation and sparked a sense of unity and resistance among the colonists. This eventually led to the formation of the Stamp Act Congress, which called for the repeal of the act.

- Lack of representation in Parliament was another major cause of the American Revolution. The colonists argued that they were being subjected to laws and taxes imposed by a government in which they had no direct representation. This violated the principle of "no taxation without representation" and fueled the growing sense of dissatisfaction and desire for self-government among the colonists.