Three-letter segments of mRNA code for specific(1 point)
Responses
disorders.
disorders.
amino acids.
amino acids.
sickle cells.
sickle cells.
chromosomes
chromosomes
Chromosomes are not directly coded by three-letter segments of mRNA. Instead, chromosomes contain genes, and genes are made up of DNA sequences. The DNA sequences within genes contain the information needed to code for proteins, which are made up of sequences of amino acids.
To understand how three-letter segments of mRNA code for specific amino acids, we need to look at the process of protein synthesis. Protein synthesis occurs in two main steps: transcription and translation.
During transcription, a segment of DNA is transcribed into a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule. The mRNA molecule is made up of three-letter sequences called codons. Each codon corresponds to a specific amino acid. There are a total of 64 possible codons, but only 20 different amino acids used in protein synthesis. This means that more than one codon can code for the same amino acid. For example, both the codons GCU and GCC code for the amino acid alanine.
After transcription, the mRNA molecule undergoes translation. During translation, the mRNA molecule is read by ribosomes, and transfer RNA (tRNA) brings the corresponding amino acids to the ribosome. The tRNA molecules have anticodons that match the codons on the mRNA molecule.
By matching the codons on the mRNA molecule with the anticodons on the tRNA molecules, the ribosome assembles the amino acids in the correct order to form a protein. This protein will then fold into its unique structure and perform its specific function in the cell.
In summary, three-letter segments of mRNA code for specific amino acids, which are then assembled into proteins during protein synthesis.