List two environmental challenges the Inca had to overcome. (1 point)
• jungles and flooding
• rocky mountains and temperature extremes
• plateaus and valleys
• aquifers and riverbeds
• jungles and flooding
• rocky mountains and temperature extremes
Two environmental challenges the Inca had to overcome were jungles and flooding, and rocky mountains and temperature extremes.
The two environmental challenges that the Inca civilization had to overcome were:
1. Jungles and Flooding: The Inca faced the difficulties of living in areas with dense jungles and frequent flooding. To overcome this challenge, they developed advanced agricultural techniques such as terracing, irrigation systems, and drainage networks. Terracing allowed them to create flat areas on steep slopes, minimizing the risk of erosion caused by heavy rains. They also built elaborate irrigation channels and canals to manage water flow and prevent flooding, ensuring stable agricultural production.
2. Rocky Mountains and Temperature Extremes: The Inca civilization existed in the rugged Andean mountains, which presented challenges like rocky terrain and extreme temperatures. They used the natural resources available to them, such as stone and clay, to build extensive road systems and architectural structures that accounted for the rugged landscape. These roads played a crucial role in connecting different regions of the empire. Additionally, the Inca developed advanced agricultural techniques like terrace farming, which allowed them to optimize limited arable land at varying altitudes and cope with temperature extremes.
In conclusion, the Inca civilization successfully overcame the environmental challenges of jungles and flooding through advanced agricultural techniques, and rocky mountains and temperature extremes through their engineering skills and adaptation strategies.