1. Why was the presidency of George Washington considered to be so significant?
A. His actions would define the role of the Supreme Court.
B. His actions would set precedents for all future presidents.
C. His actions would determine the need for a president.
D. His actions would test the president's constitutional authority.
2. Why were Northern states in favor of Hamilton’s protective tariff?
A. The tariff protected the North from paying any additional fees when exporting their goods.
B. The tariff allowed manufacturers in the North to charge higher prices for their products.
C. The tariff made goods produced in the North less expensive than imported goods.
D. The tariff had less of an effect on businesses in the North than it did on those in the South.
3. "It is our true policy to steer clear of permanent alliances with any portion of the foreign world; so far, I mean, as we are now at liberty to do it; for let me not be understood as capable of patronizing [supporting] infidelity [disloyalty; unfaithfulness] to existing engagements. I hold the maxim [wise saying] no less applicable to public than to private affairs, that honesty is always the best policy. I repeat, therefore, let those engagements be observed in their genuine sense. But, in my opinion, it is unnecessary and would be unwise to extend them."
- Washington’s Farewell Address
Use the excerpt to answer the question.
What did Washington mean when he wrote that the maxim “honesty is the best policy” should be applied to foreign relations?
A. The United States should have announced that it was cutting off relations with other nations.
B. The United States should have terminated its formal relationships with European nations.
C. There was no need to be coy about U.S. intentions to avoid permanent alliances in the future.
D. The president should privately reassure foreign leaders that America stands with them but publicly maintain a separation from other nations’ policies.
4.
Federalists | Democratic Republicans
Led by Alexander Hamilton | Led by Thomas Jefferson
Strong central government led by industry and wealthy | Strong state governments led by the "common man"
Emphasis on manufacturing, shipping, and trade | Emphasis on agriculture: "Cultivators of the earth are the most valuable"
- Thomas Jefferson
Loose interpretation of the Constitution | Strict interpretation of the Constitution
Favored the national bank | Opposed the national bank
Favored protective tariffs | Opposed protective tariffs
Pro-British | Pro-French
Use the table to answer the question.
Favoring the idea of national regulation of trade between states would be an example of which political party's stance listed in the chart?
A. the Federalist Party’s belief in a strong central government
B. the Democratic Republican’s support for strict interpretation of the Constitution
C. the Federalist Party’s support of protective tariffs
D. the Democratic Republican’s belief in a strong state government
5. What was one reason for the formation of the Democratic Republican party?
A. Washington’s cabinet members wanted to form a new party to strengthen the federal government.
B. Thomas Jefferson’s views clashed with those of Alexander Hamilton.
C. The Alien and Sedition Acts outlined the need for a new political party.
D. The threat of war with Britain inspired a revolt against the Federalists.
6. Why did Adams increase the size of the American navy?
A. He wanted to prepare for all-out war on Britain.
B. He hoped it would deter more attacks by French ships.
C. He needed to use tax money to fund an increase in military spending.
D. Congress passed a law that required him to increase support for the navy.
7. Why did Congress decide the election of 1800? Select all that apply.
A. Based on the outcome, it was mandated by the U.S. Constitution.
B. The popular vote was a tie.
C. No candidate won the electoral vote.
D. Not enough citizens voted to determine the outcome.
8. Why did Jefferson pursue a laissez-faire economic system in the United States?
A. It was a mandate following the Marbury v. Madison Supreme Court ruling.
B. The size of the federal government increases under a free market economy.
C. A free market economy was necessary for the purchase of the Louisiana territory.
D. Implementing a free market economy limits the role of the federal government.
9. What caused Napoleon to decide to sell the Louisiana Territory to the United States?
A. It was too far away to govern effectively.
B. The Louisiana Territory was no longer useful to him after a slave revolt in Haiti.
C. He could no longer control the Native Americans living in the territory.
D. He was about to lose it in a war to Spain, so he decided to sell it instead.
10. Which of the following best describes the purpose of the Non-Intercourse Act?
A. to forbid the U.S. from trading with Britain and France so the countries would recognize U.S. trading rights
B. to allow U.S. merchants to resume trade with all countries except Britain and France
C. to limit the types of goods that U.S. merchants could trade with Britain and France
D. to allow U.S. merchants to trade only with Britain and France but not any other countries
11. Compare and contrast the views of the Federalist Party and the Democratic Republican Party on at least three different historical issues.
The Federalist Party and the Democratic Republican Party held different views on several historical issues.
First, the Federalists believed in a strong central government led by industry and the wealthy, while the Democratic Republicans favored strong state governments led by the "common man." This was evident in their positions on the Constitution, with Federalists supporting a loose interpretation and Democratic Republicans advocating for a strict interpretation.
Second, the parties differed on economic policies. Federalists emphasized manufacturing, shipping, and trade, and supported the national bank and protective tariffs. On the other hand, Democratic Republicans focused on agriculture and opposed the national bank and protective tariffs.
Third, the parties had contrasting foreign policy stances. Federalists were pro-British and favored a closer relationship with Britain, whereas Democratic Republicans were pro-French and supported the French Revolution.
In summary, the Federalist Party favored a strong central government, emphasized industrial development, supported the national bank and protective tariffs, and leaned towards Britain. The Democratic Republican Party, on the other hand, emphasized strong state governments, focused on agriculture, opposed the national bank and protective tariffs, and favored a closer relationship with France.
1. The presidency of George Washington was considered significant because his actions set precedents for all future presidents. This means that the way he handled certain situations and exercised his authority as the president established a model for future leaders to follow.
2. Northern states were in favor of Hamilton's protective tariff because it made goods produced in the North less expensive than imported goods. This protected Northern manufacturers and allowed them to charge higher prices for their products.
3. When Washington wrote that the maxim "honesty is the best policy" should be applied to foreign relations, he meant that there was no need to be coy about U.S. intentions to avoid permanent alliances in the future. He believed that the United States should observe existing engagements in their genuine sense but should not extend them unnecessarily or unwise.
4. Favoring the idea of national regulation of trade between states would be an example of the Federalist Party's belief in a strong central government. The Federalists believed in a strong central government led by industry and the wealthy, and they emphasized manufacturing, shipping, and trade.
5. One reason for the formation of the Democratic Republican party was that Thomas Jefferson's views clashed with those of Alexander Hamilton. Jefferson believed in a strong state government led by the "common man" and emphasized agriculture.
6. Adams increased the size of the American navy because he hoped it would deter more attacks by French ships. The United States was involved in an undeclared naval war with France at the time, and Adams wanted the navy to be prepared to defend American interests.
7. Congress decided the election of 1800 because no candidate won the electoral vote. The election between Thomas Jefferson and Aaron Burr ended in a tie in the electoral college, so the House of Representatives had to decide the outcome.
8. Jefferson pursued a laissez-faire economic system in the United States because implementing a free market economy limits the role of the federal government. He believed in minimal government interference in the economy and that individuals should have the freedom to pursue their own economic interests.
9. Napoleon decided to sell the Louisiana Territory to the United States because it was no longer useful to him after a slave revolt in Haiti. The revolt in Haiti, then known as Saint-Domingue, led by Toussaint Louverture weakened France's position in the Americas and made maintaining control of the vast territory difficult.
10. The purpose of the Non-Intercourse Act was to allow U.S. merchants to resume trade with all countries except Britain and France. The Act was a response to the ongoing issues and conflicts between the United States, Britain, and France during the Napoleonic Wars.
11. The Federalist Party and the Democratic Republican Party had contrasting views on various historical issues. One notable difference was their stance on the interpretation of the Constitution. The Federalists believed in a loose interpretation of the Constitution, while the Democratic Republicans supported a strict interpretation. Additionally, the Federalists favored the establishment of a national bank and protective tariffs, while the Democratic Republicans opposed these measures. The Federalists were generally pro-British, while the Democratic Republicans were pro-French.
1. To determine the significance of George Washington's presidency, we need to examine the actions and impact he had during his time in office. One way to find the answer is to study historical documents, books, and articles specifically written about his presidency. These sources will provide insights into the decisions he made, such as his involvement in defining the role of the Supreme Court, setting precedents for future presidents, testing the president's constitutional authority, and determining the need for a president. By analyzing these sources, we can gather evidence to support the most significant factors of his presidency.
2. To understand why Northern states favored Hamilton's protective tariff, we can explore historical documents, such as speeches, writings, and economic reports from that time. These sources will reveal the economic and political motivations behind the Northern states' support for the tariff. By researching the economic conditions of the North during that period and the impact of the protective tariff on their industries, we can gain a clearer understanding of why they found it favorable.
3. To decipher what Washington meant when he wrote that the maxim "honesty is the best policy" should be applied to foreign relations, we can analyze his Farewell Address in detail. By reading the entire Address and examining its historical context, we can gain insights into Washington's beliefs and intentions. We can also compare his words with other primary sources, such as letters or public statements related to foreign relations during his presidency. This comparative analysis will provide a more comprehensive understanding of his intended meaning.
4. To determine which political party's stance favors national regulation of trade between states, we can analyze the table comparing the Federalist and Democratic Republican parties. The table provides information on the positions and beliefs of both parties. By studying the views and policies listed, we can assess which party aligns with the idea of national regulation of trade between states.
5. To identify a reason for the formation of the Democratic Republican party, we can examine historical accounts, primary sources, and scholarly articles that discuss the founding of the party. By analyzing the political climate of the time, the disagreements between Thomas Jefferson and Alexander Hamilton, and the motivations of key members, we can develop a well-rounded understanding of the reasons behind the party's formation.
6. To understand why Adams increased the size of the American navy, it is important to study historical accounts, such as government documents and personal letters or diaries of key figures during Adams' presidency. These primary sources will provide insights into the reasons behind Adams' decision. Additionally, studying the political and international context of the time, including conflicts with France and the state of American defenses, will provide a broader understanding of the factors that influenced his choice.
7. To determine why Congress decided the election of 1800, we can examine historical documents, such as congressional records, newspaper articles, and official election results. These sources will provide insights into the specific circumstances that led Congress to intervene in the election process. By comparing different accounts and analyzing the reasons given by politicians and historians, we can piece together a comprehensive understanding of why this decision was made.
8. To understand why Jefferson pursued a laissez-faire economic system, we can study primary sources, such as Jefferson's writings and speeches, as well as secondary sources that analyze his economic beliefs and policies. By examining Jefferson's philosophical and political views, including his support for limited government intervention in the economy, we can gain insights into why he promoted a laissez-faire economic system.
9. To determine the cause of Napoleon's decision to sell the Louisiana Territory, we can study historical documents, such as letters, treaties, and diplomatic correspondence, from that time period. These sources will provide insights into Napoleon's motives and considerations. Additionally, analyzing the political and military context, including France's involvement in European conflicts and its struggles to maintain control over overseas territories, will help shed light on the factors influencing his decision.
10. To understand the purpose of the Non-Intercourse Act, we can examine the text of the act itself, as well as historical records, such as congressional debates, speeches, and newspaper articles from that time period. These sources will provide insights into the goals and intentions of the act's supporters. By analyzing the specific provisions of the act and the discussions surrounding its passage, we can determine its purpose in relation to U.S. trading rights.
11. To compare and contrast the views of the Federalist Party and the Democratic Republican Party on different historical issues, we can study historical documents, such as party platforms, speeches, and writings of key members from both parties. By analyzing their positions on issues such as the role of government, interpretation of the Constitution, economic policies, foreign relations, and social issues, we can identify similarities and differences between the two parties. Additionally, consulting secondary sources, such as books and scholarly articles, that provide analyses and interpretations of these parties will offer a more comprehensive understanding of their historical views.