The cake layer on the bottom of the cake is older than the cake layer on the top of the cake.
Relative Age – The cake layer on the bottom of the cake is older than the cake layer on the top of the cake.
Absolute Age – The cake layer on the bottom of the cake is older than the cake layer on the top of the cake.
Today, my dog Max turned 5 years old.
Relative Age – Today, my dog Max turned 5 years old.
Absolute Age – Today, my dog Max turned 5 years old.
In a rock, a Carbon-14 isotope underwent one half-life therefore the rock is 5,730 years old.
Relative Age – In a rock, a Carbon-14 isotope underwent one half-life therefore the rock is 5,730 years old.
Absolute Age – In a rock, a Carbon-14 isotope underwent one half-life therefore the rock is 5,730 years old.
The highest/top sedimentary rock layer at The Grand Canyon is younger than the rock layers below it.
Relative Age – The highest/top sedimentary rock layer at The Grand Canyon is younger than the rock layers below it.
Absolute Age – The highest/top sedimentary rock layer at The Grand Canyon is younger than the rock layers below it.
Absolute Age – It is not possible to determine the exact age of the highest/top sedimentary rock layer at The Grand Canyon without further information or dating techniques.
To determine the relative age of the layers in the cake or rock, you would look at their position or order. The layer at the bottom is older because it was formed or added first, while the layer on top is younger because it was added or formed after the bottom layer.
To determine the absolute age of the layers in the cake or rock, you would need additional information. In the case of the cake, knowing the date it was baked or made and subtracting that date from today's date would give you the absolute age of the cake layer on the bottom. Similarly, with the rock, you mentioned that a Carbon-14 isotope underwent one half-life, which indicates that the rock is 5,730 years old. This would be the absolute age of the rock.
In the case of your dog, Max turning 5 years old, this is both the relative and absolute age. It is relative because Max is now 5 years old compared to his younger years, and it is absolute because his age is a specific number, 5 years.
Regarding the highest/top sedimentary rock layer at the Grand Canyon being younger than the rock layers below it, this is again a relative age determination based on the position of the layers. The higher layer must have been added or formed more recently compared to the layers below it.