Select the correct answer from the list. (2 points)
As magma heats in the mantle, it becomes (more porous solid, less dense) and begins to (break apart, rise, sink). This results in the magma traveling to the crust where it cools and becomes (metamorphic, sedimentary, igneous) rock.
As magma heats in the mantle, it becomes less dense and begins to rise. This results in the magma traveling to the crust where it cools and becomes igneous rock.
As magma heats in the mantle, it becomes (less dense) and begins to (rise). This results in the magma traveling to the crust where it cools and becomes (igneous) rock.
To select the correct answer from the list, let's break down the question and the options.
The question states that as magma heats in the mantle, it undergoes certain changes. We need to determine what changes occur in the magma due to the heating process.
Let's analyze each option individually:
1. More porous solid: This option suggests that magma becomes a more porous solid as it heats in the mantle. However, this is not accurate because magma is a molten, fluid-like substance and does not become a solid through heating.
2. Less dense: This option suggests that magma becomes less dense as it heats in the mantle. This is an accurate statement, as heat causes the molecules in the magma to separate and expand, resulting in reduced density.
Next, the question asks about what happens to the magma as it undergoes these changes:
1. Break apart: This suggests that magma breaks apart as it heats in the mantle. While the heating may cause some movement or stirring within the magma, it doesn't break apart on its own.
2. Rise: This option suggests that the heated magma rises. This is accurate because the less dense magma will be buoyant and will rise towards the Earth's crust.
3. Sink: This option suggests that the heated magma sinks. However, as explained earlier, the less dense magma will actually rise rather than sink.
Finally, the question asks about the result of the magma traveling to the crust and cooling:
1. Metamorphic: Metamorphic rocks are formed through the transformation of pre-existing rocks due to heat and pressure. Magma, when it cools and solidifies, does not generally form metamorphic rocks.
2. Sedimentary: Sedimentary rocks are formed by the accumulation and compaction of sediments. Magma, when it cools and solidifies, does not generally form sedimentary rocks.
3. Igneous: This option suggests that the cooled magma becomes igneous rock. This is the correct answer since igneous rocks are formed from the solidification of molten rock (magma) either on the Earth's surface or within the crust.
Based on our analysis, the correct answer is: "less dense," "rise," and "igneous."