Question 9 (1 point)
A student is investigating the transfer of energy between potential and kinetic. The student observes a roller coaster at four locations on the track and creates a graph based on her observations.
What conclusion can be made based on the graph?
a
Kinetic energy is created during a roller coaster ride.
b
Potential energy is destroyed during a roller coaster ride.
c
Kinetic and potential energy change, but total energy stays the same.
d
Potential energy is increased, but kinetic energy stays the same.
c
Kinetic and potential energy change, but total energy stays the same.
c. Kinetic and potential energy change, but total energy stays the same.
To answer this question, let's analyze the graph created by the student and consider the principles of potential and kinetic energy.
The graph likely shows the vertical position of the roller coaster at four different locations on the track. The vertical position relates to the potential energy of the roller coaster, as it is higher at the peaks (potential energy is maximum) and lower at the valleys (potential energy is minimum).
Based on this understanding, we can eliminate options b and d. Potential energy cannot be destroyed or increased while kinetic energy stays the same.
Now let's consider the concept of energy conservation. According to the law of conservation of energy, energy cannot be created or destroyed; it can only change forms. Therefore, the total energy of the roller coaster (which is the sum of its potential and kinetic energy) should remain constant throughout the ride.
Looking at the graph, we can see that the roller coaster's potential energy increases at the peaks and decreases at the valleys. Simultaneously, the kinetic energy decreases at the peaks and increases at the valleys. This indicates a transfer of energy between potential and kinetic forms, supporting option c.
Hence, the correct conclusion based on the graph is that kinetic and potential energy change, but the total energy remains the same (option c).