Which of the following is not a characteristic of symbolism?

a) A universally understood representation

b) An additional layer of meaning in a text

c) An object important to the character

d) An underlying message or big idea

a) A universally understood representation

The characteristic that is not associated with symbolism is option a) A universally understood representation.

To determine which of the options is not a characteristic of symbolism, let's analyze each statement:

a) A universally understood representation: Symbolism often relies on shared cultural or contextual knowledge, so not all symbols are universally understood. Therefore, this can be a characteristic of symbolism.

b) An additional layer of meaning in a text: Symbolism is known for adding depth and complexity to a text by introducing additional meanings or associations. This statement accurately describes one of the main characteristics of symbolism.

c) An object important to the character: In symbolism, objects can often carry symbolic significance and hold importance for the characters. Therefore, this is also a characteristic of symbolism.

d) An underlying message or big idea: Symbolism is frequently employed to convey deeper messages or explore significant ideas through indirect means. This statement is consistent with the purpose of symbolism.

Thus, all of the given options (a, b, c, and d) seem to be characteristics of symbolism. Therefore, none of the options is the correct answer to the question.