The following is a ball-and-stick model of water.
Give the formula for water.
Explain what each of the parts of the model represents (green, blue, white).
Name the type of chemical bonding present in a water molecule. Be specific.
Bonus point: explain why water has this specific type of chemical bonding.
The formula for water is H2O.
In the ball-and-stick model, the green balls represent oxygen (O) atoms, the blue sticks represent covalent bonds, and the white balls represent hydrogen (H) atoms.
The type of chemical bonding present in a water molecule is a polar covalent bond. This is because oxygen has a higher electronegativity than hydrogen, causing the oxygen atom to attract the shared electrons more strongly. As a result, the oxygen atom has a partial negative charge (δ-) and the hydrogen atoms have partial positive charges (δ+) in the water molecule.
Water has this specific type of chemical bonding due to the difference in electronegativity between oxygen and hydrogen. Oxygen is highly electronegative compared to hydrogen, leading to the unequal sharing of electrons in the covalent bond. Additionally, the bent molecular geometry of water contributes to the polar nature of the molecule.
The formula for water is H2O.
In the ball-and-stick model of water, the green balls represent oxygen atoms, the blue balls represent hydrogen atoms, and the white sticks represent chemical bonds between the atoms.
The type of chemical bonding present in a water molecule is covalent bonding. More specifically, it is a polar covalent bond.
Water has a specific type of chemical bonding because of the electronegativity difference between oxygen and hydrogen. Oxygen is more electronegative, meaning it has a stronger pull on the shared electrons in the bond. As a result, oxygen acquires a partially negative charge (δ-) while hydrogen acquires a partially positive charge (δ+). This unequal sharing of electrons creates an electric dipole in the molecule, making it polar. Hence, the type of chemical bonding in water is polar covalent bonding.
To find the formula for water, we can analyze the ball-and-stick model. In the model, the green balls represent atoms of chlorine (Cl), the blue balls represent atoms of hydrogen (H), and the white sticks represent the bonds between the atoms.
Therefore, the formula for water is H2O. This means that each water molecule consists of two hydrogen atoms bonded to one oxygen atom.
In terms of the representation of each part of the model:
- The green atoms (chlorine) are incorrect in this case. Water is composed of hydrogen and oxygen atoms, not chlorine. Therefore, the green atoms should be blue.
- The blue atoms (hydrogen) in the model represent the hydrogen atoms present in a water molecule. Since each water molecule has two hydrogen atoms, we see two blue atoms.
- The white sticks represent the bonds between the atoms. In this case, they represent the covalent bonds between the hydrogen atoms and the oxygen atom in a water molecule.
The type of chemical bonding present in a water molecule is a covalent bond. More specifically, it is a polar covalent bond.
Covalent bonding occurs when atoms share electrons in order to achieve a stable electron configuration. In water, the oxygen atom shares electrons with two hydrogen atoms, resulting in the formation of two covalent bonds.
Water has a specific type of chemical bonding, namely polar covalent bonding, because oxygen is more electronegative than hydrogen. Electronegativity refers to an atom's ability to attract electrons towards itself in a chemical bond. Due to this difference in electronegativity, the oxygen atom attracts the shared electrons more strongly, resulting in a partial negative charge on the oxygen atom and partial positive charges on the hydrogen atoms. This polarity gives water its unique properties, such as being a good solvent, having a high boiling point, and exhibiting surface tension.