State the number of electrons lost or gained when the following elements form ions.
F
F is in Group 7A (or 17), so it has 7 valence electrons. To achieve a stable octet, F will gain 1 electron to form an ion with a charge of -1. Therefore, it gains 1 electron.
To determine the number of electrons lost or gained by an element when forming an ion, you need to consider the number of valence electrons.
Fluorine (F) is located in group 17 of the periodic table, also known as the halogens. Halogens have seven valence electrons.
When a halogen forms an ion, it tends to gain one electron to achieve a full outer shell of eight valence electrons, following the octet rule.
Therefore, fluorine gains one electron, resulting in a charge of -1.
To determine the number of electrons lost or gained when an element forms ions, you need to know its electron configuration and the desired ion's electron configuration.
In the case of fluorine (F), its electron configuration is 1s2 2s2 2p5, with 9 electrons.
Fluorine typically gains one electron to achieve a stable electron configuration, similar to that of the nearest noble gas, neon (Ne).
The electron configuration of neon is 1s2 2s2 2p6, indicating a full valence shell. By gaining one electron, fluorine reaches this stable configuration, becoming a fluorine ion (F-).
Therefore, when fluorine forms an ion, it gains one electron.