When an animal is present in the area of a flower and pollen is transferred from its fur to another plant within the area we call this process
When an animal is present in the area of a flower and pollen is transferred from its fur to another plant within the area, we call this process "animal-assisted pollination" or "zoophily."
The process you are referring to is called pollination.
The process you are referring to is called "pollination." Pollination is the transfer of pollen from the male reproductive organ (stamen) of a flower to the female reproductive organ (pistil) of another flower, thereby fertilizing it and enabling the production of seeds.
To explain how this process occurs when an animal is present, we need to understand that there are two types of pollination: self-pollination and cross-pollination. In self-pollination, pollen is transferred from the stamen to the pistil within the same flower or from one flower to another flower on the same plant. In cross-pollination, which is the case when animals are involved, pollen is transferred between flowers of different plants.
Animal-pollinated flowers have unique adaptations to attract animals, such as bright colors, strong scents, and nectar rewards. When an animal, like a bee, butterfly, bird, or bat, visits a flower to feed on nectar or pollen, their bodies come into contact with the reproductive parts of the flower, including the stamen, which holds the pollen. Some pollen sticks to the animal's body, typically on their fur, feathers, or in the case of bees, on their body hairs and specialized structures like the pollen baskets on their hind legs.
As the animal moves from flower to flower, some of the pollen grains from its body are inadvertently transferred to the pistil of the next flower it visits. This transfer of pollen from one flower to another is how cross-pollination occurs in animal-pollinated plants. The pollen that reaches the pistil then fertilizes the ovules, leading to the formation of seeds and eventual reproduction of the plant.
In summary, when an animal carries pollen from one flower to another within the area, it is referred to as pollination, specifically cross-pollination in the context of different plant individuals. This process plays a vital role in plant reproduction and is facilitated by the adaptations of flowers to attract animals and their subsequent interactions with those flowers.