Which of the following will increase the rate at which a solute dissolves? (Select all that apply)
A. increasing surface area
B. stirring
C. increasing temperature
D. decreasing temperature
E. decreasing surface area
A. increasing surface area
B. stirring
C. increasing temperature
The factors that can increase the rate at which a solute dissolves are:
A. Increasing surface area: When the surface area of a solute is increased, there is more area for the solvent to come into contact with the solute, leading to a faster dissolution.
B. Stirring: Stirring or agitating the mixture helps in bringing fresh solvent in contact with the solute, promoting faster dissolution.
C. Increasing temperature: Generally, increasing the temperature of the solvent increases the kinetic energy of its molecules, leading to more frequent and energetic collisions with the solute particles. This results in faster dissolution.
Therefore, options A, B, and C will increase the rate at which a solute dissolves.
To determine which factors increase the rate at which a solute dissolves, let's go through the options one by one.
A. Increasing surface area: When the surface area of the solute is increased, more particles are exposed to the solvent, allowing for a higher rate of dissolution. Therefore, increasing surface area will increase the rate of solute dissolution.
B. Stirring: Stirring or agitating the mixture aids in the distribution of solute particles throughout the solvent, increasing the chances of effective collisions and enhancing the dissolution rate. So, stirring will increase the rate of solute dissolution.
C. Increasing temperature: As the temperature of the solvent increases, the kinetic energy of its particles also increases. This increased energy results in more collisions between the solute and solvent particles, leading to faster dissolution. Hence, increasing temperature will increase the rate of solute dissolution.
D. Decreasing temperature: Unlike increasing temperature, decreasing the temperature of the solvent will have the opposite effect. Lower temperatures reduce the kinetic energy of the solvent particles, resulting in slower movement and less effective collisions with the solute. Therefore, decreasing temperature will decrease the rate of solute dissolution.
E. Decreasing surface area: When the surface area of the solute is reduced, fewer particles are exposed to the solvent, limiting the number of collisions and reducing the surface area available for dissolution. Consequently, decreasing the surface area will decrease the rate of solute dissolution.
In summary, the factors that will increase the rate at which a solute dissolves are: A. increasing surface area, B. stirring, and C. increasing temperature.