When molten rock undergoes crystallization above ground, what type of rock results?
A. Intrusive igneous rock
B. Extrusive igneous rock
C. Metamorphic rock
D. Sedimentary rock
B. Extrusive igneous rock
When molten rock undergoes crystallization above ground, the type of rock that usually results is B. Extrusive igneous rock.
When molten rock undergoes crystallization above ground, the type of rock that typically results is called extrusive igneous rock. To arrive at this answer, we need to understand the process of rock formation and the characteristics of different rock types.
Magma or molten rock that is found beneath the Earth's surface is called intrusive igneous rock. This type of rock forms when magma cools and solidifies underground over long periods of time. Since the cooling process occurs slowly underground, intrusive igneous rocks tend to have large crystals.
On the other hand, when molten rock is ejected onto the Earth's surface during volcanic eruptions or lava flows, it is exposed to cooler temperatures and rapidly cools down. This rapid cooling doesn't allow enough time for large crystals to develop, resulting in a fine-grained texture. The rock formed in this process is called extrusive igneous rock.
Metamorphic rock, on the other hand, is formed when existing rocks undergo high temperatures and pressures underground, causing changes in their mineralogy and texture.
Sedimentary rock forms through the accumulation and compaction of sediment, which includes fragments of other rocks, minerals, and organic matter.
Therefore, based on the given information, the correct answer is B. Extrusive igneous rock. It is important to consider the context and the process through which the rock forms in order to identify the correct rock type.
What combination of processes can transform a metamorphic rock to sediments?
A. Erosion, crystallization, and melting.
B. Heating, pressure, and lithification.
C. Melting, crystallization, and compaction.
D. Exposure, weathering, and erosion.
D. Exposure, weathering, and erosion.
What sequence of events could lead to magma becoming soil?
A. Erosion and deposition followed by exposure to heat and pressure.
B. Compression and lithification followed by erosion and deposition.
C. Crystallization followed by exposure and weathering.
D. Crystallization followed by increased heat and pressure.
C. Crystallization followed by exposure and weathering.
Which of the following rock types form from placing other rocks under heat and pressure?
A. Sedimentary rock
B. Metamorphic rock
C. Intrusive igneous rock
D. Extrusive igneous rock
B. Metamorphic rock
According to the rock cycle, which of the following transitions are possible? Assume an unlimited number of steps.
A. An intrusive igneous rock becomes a sedimentary rock.
B. A sedimentary rock becomes soil.
C. A metamorphic rock becomes an extrusive igneous rock.
D. All of the above are possible.