I. Inertia is the property of matter that prevents it from moving.
II. Inertia is the property of matter that keeps it moving with the same speed.
III. Based on the Law of Interaction, the reaction force is stronger than the action force. An example is the propeller’s action that creates a reaction force that moves the vessel.
IV. The buoyant force supporting the vessel must be higher than the weight of the vessel to prevent it from sinking.
1. What can be concluded from the statements above?
Based on the statements above, we can conclude the following:
Statement I is correct - Inertia is the property of matter that prevents it from moving.
Statement II is incorrect - Inertia is the property of matter that keeps it at rest or in motion with the same speed.
Statement III is incorrect - According to Newton's third law of motion, the action and reaction forces are equal in magnitude but in opposite directions.
Statement IV is correct - The buoyant force acting on a vessel must be greater than or equal to the weight of the vessel in order to prevent it from sinking.
From the statements provided, we can conclude that statement I is correct, statement II is incorrect, statement III is incorrect, and statement IV is correct.
To come to this conclusion, let's go through each statement:
I. Inertia is the property of matter that prevents it from moving. This is correct. Inertia is the tendency of an object to resist changes in its state of motion, whether it is at rest or in motion.
II. Inertia is the property of matter that keeps it moving with the same speed. This is incorrect. Inertia actually allows an object to stay at a constant velocity (speed and direction) if no external forces act upon it, but it is not responsible for keeping it moving.
III. Based on the Law of Interaction, the reaction force is stronger than the action force. This is incorrect. According to Newton's third law of motion, the law of interaction, the reaction force is equal in strength but opposite in direction to the action force. So, the statement that the reaction force is stronger is not true.
IV. The buoyant force supporting the vessel must be higher than the weight of the vessel to prevent it from sinking. This is correct. According to Archimedes' principle, an object will float if the buoyant force exerted on it by the fluid it is submerged in is greater than or equal to its weight. Therefore, for a vessel to float, the buoyant force must be greater than the weight of the vessel.
From the statements above, we can conclude the following:
I. Inertia is the property of matter that prevents it from moving.
II. Inertia is the property of matter that keeps it moving with the same speed.
These two statements describe the concept of inertia, which is the resistance of an object to changes in its motion. It can either prevent an object from moving or keep it moving at a constant speed.
III. Based on the Law of Interaction, the reaction force is stronger than the action force. An example is the propeller’s action that creates a reaction force that moves the vessel.
This statement describes Newton's Third Law of Motion, which states that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. The statement provides an example of this law in action, where the action force of the propeller creates a reaction force that moves the vessel.
IV. The buoyant force supporting the vessel must be higher than the weight of the vessel to prevent it from sinking.
This statement describes the principle of buoyancy, which states that an object will float if the buoyant force acting on it is greater than or equal to its weight. In this case, the buoyant force supporting the vessel must be higher than the weight of the vessel to prevent it from sinking.
In summary, from the statements above, we can conclude that inertia is the property of matter that either prevents it from moving or keeps it moving with the same speed. Additionally, based on the Law of Interaction, the reaction force is stronger than the action force, and for an object to float, the buoyant force supporting it must be higher than its weight.