According to your textbook’s treatment of Kohlberg’s theory of moral development,a focus on rewards and punishment in respect to a moral dilemma is characteristic of
A-Children who haven’t reached the conventional stage of moral development
B-Adolescent who hi have reached the conventional level of moral development
C-Adolescents who have reached the formal operational stage of moral development
D-Children who haven’t grasped the principle of object constancy
B-Adolescents who have reached the conventional level of moral development
According to Kohlberg's theory of moral development, a focus on rewards and punishment in respect to a moral dilemma is characteristic of children who haven't reached the conventional stage of moral development. Therefore, the correct answer is A-Children who haven't reached the conventional stage of moral development.
To determine the answer, we need to understand Kohlberg's theory of moral development and identify the stage of moral development that corresponds to a focus on rewards and punishment in respect to a moral dilemma.
Kohlberg's theory proposes that individuals go through different stages of moral development, each characterized by specific ways of reasoning about moral dilemmas. These stages are typically divided into three levels: pre-conventional, conventional, and post-conventional.
At the pre-conventional level (Stage 1 and Stage 2), moral reasoning is primarily focused on external rewards and punishments. Individuals make moral decisions based on the potential for personal gain or avoiding punishment. This level is commonly observed in young children who haven’t yet developed more sophisticated moral reasoning.
At the conventional level (Stage 3 and Stage 4), individuals internalize societal norms and values and behave in ways that are seen as "good" or "right" by others. Moral decisions are made based on the need for social approval and maintenance of social order. This level is typically reached during adolescence.
At the post-conventional level (Stage 5 and Stage 6), individuals develop their own moral principles and judgments, irrespective of societal norms. Moral decisions are made based on abstract principles of justice, equality, and individual rights.
Based on the information provided, a focus on rewards and punishment in respect to a moral dilemma is characteristic of the pre-conventional stage of moral development (Option A). This stage is associated with children who haven't reached the conventional level of moral development.