Consists of four stages: sensorimotor, pre-operational, concrete operational, and former operational.
O a. Reggio Emilio approach
O b. Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs
O c. Piaget's theory of cognitive development
O d. Erikson's ideas about a child's emotional development
The correct answer is:
c. Piaget's theory of cognitive development
c. Piaget's theory of cognitive development
The correct answer is c. Piaget's theory of cognitive development.
To arrive at this answer, we need to understand the four stages mentioned and then match them to the corresponding theory. Here's a breakdown of the four stages and their significance:
1. Sensorimotor Stage: This stage occurs from birth to around 2 years old. During this stage, infants learn about the world through their senses and motor actions. They start developing object permanence and the ability to mentally represent objects that are not immediately present.
2. Pre-operational Stage: This stage takes place from around 2 to 7 years old. Children in this stage exhibit symbolic thinking, use language more fluently, and engage in pretend play. However, they have difficulty with logical operations, conservation (understanding that quantity remains the same despite appearance changes), and understanding others' perspectives.
3. Concrete Operational Stage: This stage occurs from around 7 to 11 years old. Children in this stage begin to think more logically and can perform concrete operations, such as conservation tasks. They also develop the ability to understand other people's perspectives and engage in more systematic reasoning.
4. Former Operational Stage: This stage starts from around 11 years old and continues into adulthood. In this stage, individuals can think abstractly, reason hypothetically, and engage in higher-level logical and scientific thinking.
Now, let's match these stages with the theory that explains them:
a. Reggio Emilio approach: This approach is an approach to early childhood education and focuses on the importance of a child's environment, community, and relationships. It does not directly relate to the four stages mentioned.
b. Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs: Maslow's theory focuses on human motivation and the hierarchy of needs. It does not directly address cognitive development stages.
c. Piaget's theory of cognitive development: Piaget's theory is the correct match. It explains how children's cognitive abilities develop through these four stages.
d. Erikson's ideas about a child's emotional development: Erikson's theory focuses on the stages of psychosocial development, which involve the emergence of basic trust, identity formation, and other emotional aspects. It does not directly address cognitive development stages.
Therefore, the answer is c. Piaget's theory of cognitive development.