which of the following is not an effect of mining?

soil pollution
water pollution
destruction of forests
preservation of forest

Preservation of forest

To determine which of the following is not an effect of mining, we need to analyze each option:

1. Soil pollution: Mining activities can lead to soil pollution due to the release of toxic substances into the environment. This can occur through the use of chemicals or the disturbance of soil layers.

2. Water pollution: Mining can contribute to water pollution by contaminating water sources with heavy metals, chemicals, and sediments. This contamination can have detrimental effects on aquatic ecosystems and water quality.

3. Destruction of forests: Mining often involves clearing large areas of land, including forests, to access mineral deposits. This destruction of forests can have severe ecological impacts, leading to habitat destruction and loss of biodiversity.

4. Preservation of forests: Mining is not associated with the preservation of forests. In fact, it is often the opposite, as forests may be destroyed or disturbed during mining operations.

Therefore, the option "preservation of forest" is the one that is not an effect of mining.

The effect of mining that is not listed among the options provided is preservation of forests. Mining activities are known to have numerous environmental impacts, such as soil pollution, water pollution, and destruction of forests.