Which of these is a characteristic of body cells that require large amounts of energy?(1 point) Responses
They have a large number of mitochondria. They have a large number of mitochondria.
They have a storage area for albumin proteins. They have a storage area for albumin proteins.
They have a two-layer membrane. They have a two-layer membrane.
They have a supplementary Y chromosome.
They have a large number of mitochondria.
The characteristic of body cells that require large amounts of energy is that they have a large number of mitochondria.
The characteristic of body cells that require large amounts of energy is that they have a large number of mitochondria.
To arrive at this answer, we can eliminate the other options and focus on the mitochondria. Mitochondria are organelles found in cells that are responsible for producing energy in the form of ATP (adenosine triphosphate) through a process called cellular respiration. Cells that require a lot of energy, such as muscle cells or cells in the liver, will therefore have a higher number of mitochondria to meet their energy demands.
Option 2, having a storage area for albumin proteins, is not directly related to the energy requirements of the cell. Albumin is a type of protein found in the blood and is responsible for various functions, including maintaining osmotic balance. However, it does not play a primary role in energy production.
Option 3, having a two-layer membrane, is a general characteristic of all cells. The cell membrane consists of a lipid bilayer, meaning it consists of two layers of lipids with proteins embedded within it. This characteristic is not specific to cells with high energy requirements.
Option 4, having a supplementary Y chromosome, is not a characteristic related to energy requirements either. The presence of the Y chromosome determines the male sex in humans and is unrelated to the cellular energy requirements.
Therefore, the correct answer is that cells requiring large amounts of energy have a large number of mitochondria.
The correct statement concerning Cell X is that it obtains its energy through cellular respiration in the mitochondria.
This can be determined by observing that the diagram shows mitochondria labeled within Cell X. Mitochondria carry out cellular respiration, a process in which cells convert glucose and oxygen into ATP (adenosine triphosphate), which is used as a source of energy. Therefore, Cell X obtains its energy through cellular respiration in the mitochondria.
The other options can be eliminated based on the information provided in the diagram. There is no indication in the diagram that Cell X is specifically a plant cell or does not have a nucleus. Additionally, there is no organelle shown in the diagram that would undergo photosynthesis, so the statement that Cell X has an organelle that undergoes photosynthesis is incorrect.
The equation for photosynthesis is: 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + light → 6 O2 + 6 C6H12O6.
Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants, algae, and some bacteria convert light energy into chemical energy in the form of glucose and release oxygen as a byproduct. The equation represents the balanced chemical reaction that occurs during photosynthesis, where 6 molecules of carbon dioxide (CO2) and 6 molecules of water (H2O), in the presence of light, are converted into 6 molecules of oxygen (O2) and 1 molecule of glucose (C6H12O6).
The correct statement that describes active transport is: Movement of a substance against a concentration gradient.
Active transport is a process that requires the expenditure of energy (usually in the form of ATP) to move substances across a cell membrane against a concentration gradient. This means that the substance is being moved from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration. This process is essential for cells to maintain the necessary concentration gradients and perform functions such as nutrient uptake and waste removal.
The other options do not accurately describe active transport. The spontaneous movement of a substance through a semipermeable membrane refers to passive transport, specifically diffusion or osmosis, where substances move down their concentration gradient without the need for energy. The movement of a specific substance across a membrane does not specify whether it occurs with or against a concentration gradient. The net movement of a substance from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration is also referring to passive transport, specifically simple diffusion.
The correct statement that describes how lysogenic viruses are different from lytic viruses is: Lysogenic viruses do not cause the host cell to burst right away, and lytic viruses immediately cause the host cell to burst.
Lysogenic viruses and lytic viruses are two different life cycles that viruses can undergo. In the lysogenic cycle, the viral DNA is integrated into the host cell's genome and replicates along with it, remaining dormant and not immediately causing the host cell to burst. In contrast, in the lytic cycle, the virus immediately takes over the host cell's machinery, replicates its own genetic material, assembles new virus particles, and causes the host cell to burst open, releasing the newly formed viruses.
The other options do not accurately describe the difference between lysogenic and lytic viruses. Lysogenic viruses are not limited to infecting only plant cells, and lytic viruses are not limited to infecting only animal cells. The composition of genetic material (DNA or RNA) does not define the difference between lysogenic and lytic viruses. Additionally, both lysogenic and lytic viruses can be considered cellular in the sense that they require a host cell to replicate and carry out their life cycles.
If the G1 checkpoint regulation failed, the correct response is: The cell would continue in the cycle and divide uncontrollably, which may lead to cancer.
The G1 checkpoint is an important regulatory point in the cell cycle where the cell checks for DNA damage and verifies if conditions are favorable for cell division. If the checkpoint regulation fails, it means that the cell does not properly assess and repair any DNA damage or check for other critical factors necessary for division.
As a result, the cell would continue in the cycle and divide even if there are abnormalities or unfavorable conditions present. This uncontrolled division can lead to the accumulation of DNA mutations and the development of cancer. The G1 checkpoint is crucial for maintaining genomic integrity and preventing the proliferation of damaged or abnormal cells.
Observation 3, "No membrane-bound organelles," supports the student's conclusion that the species is a prokaryote.
Prokaryotes are unicellular organisms that lack a true nucleus and membrane-bound organelles. In observation 3, the absence of membrane-bound organelles indicates that the cells being observed do not have compartments within their cytoplasm separated by membranes. This is a characteristic feature of prokaryotes.
Observation 1, "Ribosomes are present," and observation 2, "Genetic material is present," are not specific to prokaryotes and can be found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Ribosomes are involved in protein synthesis and are present in all living cells. Genetic material, such as DNA or RNA, is also necessary for all cells to function and reproduce.
Observation 4, "Cell wall is present," can be found in both prokaryotic and certain types of eukaryotic cells. While most prokaryotes have a cell wall, some eukaryotes such as plants, fungi, and certain protists also have cell walls. Therefore, observation 4 alone does not provide strong evidence for the species being a prokaryote.
Therefore, the correct answer is: Observation 3 - "No membrane-bound organelles."