the u.s national debt was $2.9617 times 10^13 in 2021 and $3.98 times 10^11 in 1971. find how much debt increased in the past 50- year period.

To find the increase in debt over the past 50 years, we subtract the 1971 debt from the 2021 debt:

2021 debt = $2.9617 * 10^13
1971 debt = $3.98 * 10^11

Increase in debt = (2.9617 * 10^13) - (3.98 * 10^11)
= 29.617 * 10^11 - 3.98 * 10^11
= (29.617 - 3.98) * 10^11
= 25.637 * 10^11
= $2.5637 * 10^12

Therefore, the debt increased by $2.5637 * 10^12 in the past 50-year period.

To find the increase in national debt over the past 50-year period, we need to subtract the debt in 1971 from the debt in 2021.

Debt in 2021 = $2.9617 x 10^13
Debt in 1971 = $3.98 x 10^11

The increase in debt = Debt in 2021 - Debt in 1971

To subtract these numbers, we need to bring them to the same exponent form:
($2.9617 x 10^13) - ($3.98 x 10^11)
= ($29.617 x 10^12) - ($0.398 x 10^13)

Next, we can subtract the two numbers:
($29.617 x 10^12) - ($0.398 x 10^13)
= ($29.617 - $0.398) x 10^12

= $29.219 x 10^12 = $2.9219 x 10^13

Therefore, the debt increased by $2.9219 x 10^13 (or $29.219 trillion) over the past 50-year period.

To find the increase in the U.S. national debt over the past 50 years, we need to subtract the debt in 1971 from the debt in 2021.

Debt in 2021: $2.9617 x 10^13
Debt in 1971: $3.98 x 10^11

To subtract these values, we need to ensure that the exponents of 10 (the powers of 10) are the same. We can do this by converting the debt in 1971 to match the exponent of the debt in 2021:

$3.98 x 10^11 = $0.398 x 10^13

Now we can subtract the debt in 1971 from the debt in 2021:

Debt increase = ($2.9617 x 10^13) - ($0.398 x 10^13)

To subtract these values, we need to keep the same exponent (10^13) and subtract the coefficients:

Debt increase = ($2.9617 - $0.398) x 10^13

Debt increase = $2.5637 x 10^13

Therefore, the U.S. national debt increased by $2.5637 x 10^13 over the past 50-year period.