The Han emperor Wudi invented a bureaucratic system to help the Han run the empire. What was it based upon?A. Legalism
B. Confucianism
C. Daoism
D. Mandate of Heaven
B. Confucianism
The bureaucratic system invented by the Han emperor Wudi was based upon B. Confucianism. Confucianism emphasizes the importance of education, ritual, and the moral qualities of rulers and officials. The Han dynasty adopted Confucianism as the official state ideology, and Wudi implemented a system that selected officials based on their knowledge of Confucian texts and principles. This system aimed to recruit highly educated and virtuous officials who would be capable of efficiently managing the empire.
The correct answer is B. Confucianism. The bureaucratic system implemented by the Han emperor Wudi was largely based upon the principles of Confucianism.
To arrive at this answer, one can start by understanding the basic characteristics of each option:
A. Legalism: Legalism is a philosophy that emphasizes strict adherence to the law and the use of harsh punishment as a means of controlling people. While Legalism was practiced during the Warring States period in ancient China, it is not associated with the bureaucratic system developed by Emperor Wudi.
B. Confucianism: Confucianism is a philosophy that focuses on ethics, morality, and proper social relationships. It emphasizes the importance of cultivating virtuous rulers and officials who lead by example. Confucianism became the dominant philosophy during the Han dynasty, and Emperor Wudi specifically embraced Confucian principles and implemented them in his bureaucratic system.
C. Daoism: Daoism is a philosophy that promotes harmony with nature and the pursuit of a simple, balanced life. It does not inherently involve the establishment of a bureaucratic system or governing structure.
D. Mandate of Heaven: The Mandate of Heaven is a concept rooted in the belief that a ruler's legitimacy comes from heavenly approval. While the Mandate of Heaven played a significant role in Chinese political ideology, it does not directly relate to the bureaucratic system invented by Emperor Wudi.
By considering the characteristics of each option and understanding the historical context, we can conclude that the bureaucratic system introduced by Emperor Wudi was based upon Confucianism (option B).