The U.S. Senate is composed of 2 senators from each of the 50 states. For a treaty to be ratified, at least two-thirds of the senators present must approve the treaty. Suppose all senators are present and 48 of them have voted in favor of a treaty. What are the possible numbers of additional senators who must vote in favor of the treaty to ratify it?
To ratify a treaty, at least two-thirds of the senators must approve it. Since there are 100 senators in total (2 from each of the 50 states), a minimum of (2/3) * 100 = 66.67 senators must vote in favor of the treaty.
If 48 senators have already voted in favor, there are still 66.67 - 48 = 18.67 senators who need to vote in favor of the treaty to meet the two-thirds requirement.
However, since the number of senators must be a whole number, we need to round up the decimal value of 18.67 to determine the minimum number of additional senators needed to vote in favor.
Therefore, a minimum of 19 additional senators must vote in favor of the treaty to ratify it.
To find the possible numbers of additional senators who must vote in favor of the treaty to ratify it, we need to determine the minimum number of votes required for a two-thirds majority.
First, we need to calculate two-thirds of the total number of senators. Since there are 2 senators per state, and there are 50 states, the total number of senators is 2 x 50 = 100.
Next, calculate two-thirds of 100: (2/3) x 100 = 200/3 ≈ 66.67 (rounded to two decimal places).
Since we can't have a fraction of a senator, we need to round up to the nearest whole number. So, the minimum number of votes required for a two-thirds majority is 67.
Now, we can determine the possible numbers of additional senators who must vote in favor of the treaty to ratify it. Since 48 senators have already voted in favor, we need to find the difference between 67 (minimum required) and 48 (already in favor): 67 - 48 = 19.
Therefore, the possible numbers of additional senators who must vote in favor of the treaty to ratify it are 19 or more.
To determine the possible numbers of additional senators who must vote in favor of the treaty to ratify it, we need to consider that a treaty must be ratified by at least two-thirds of the senators present.
Since there are 100 senators in total (2 senators per state), two-thirds of the senators would be:
2/3 * 100 = 66.67 (approximately)
Since we cannot have a fraction of a senator, the minimum number of additional senators that must vote in favor of the treaty for it to be ratified would be 67.
However, since the question specifies that 48 senators have already voted in favor of the treaty, we need to consider the remaining 52 senators.
To calculate the maximum number of additional senators who must vote in favor of the treaty, we subtract the 48 senators in favor from the total 52 remaining senators:
52 - 48 = 4
Therefore, the possible numbers of additional senators who must vote in favor of the treaty to ratify it range from a minimum of 67 to a maximum of 4.