You be the doctor
Imagine you are a medical doctor responsible for verifying the sex of competitors in women’s events in an international track and field competition. Using the information given for each athlete, mark on the chart whether you believe they pass or fail each type of sex verification test. An athlete who “passes” a sex verification test is allowed to compete in women’s competitions.
Athlete 1: Physical characteristics: female genitals fully formed
Genetic test findings: no Barr body present, no SRY gene present
Hormone test findings: Testosterone (T) = 1.2 nmol/L
Athlete 2: Physical characteristics: female genitals fully formed
Genetic test findings: Barr body present in some cells and absent in others, SRY gene present
Hormone test findings: Testosterone (T) = 3 nmol/L
Athlete 3: Physical characteristics: genitals neither typically male nor typically female
Genetic test findings: Barr body present, SRY gene absent
Hormone test findings: Testosterone (T) = 6.3 nmol/L
Athlete 4: Physical characteristics: female genitals fully formed
Genetic test findings: Barr body absent, SRY gene present
Hormone test findings: Testosterone (T) = 25 nmol/L
Athlete 5: Physical characteristics: genitals neither typically male nor typically female
Genetic test findings: Barr body absent, SRY gene present
Hormone test findings: Testosterone (T) = 12 nmol/L
In the following table, try to fill in the blanks with PASS, FAIL, or PASS+FAIL.
Athlete
Anatomical Test
(female genitals fully formed)
Barr Body Test
(Barr body present)
SRY gene Test
(SRY gene absent)
Hormone Test
(T < 5nmol/L)
Athlete 1
blank1
blank2
blank3
blank4
Athlete 2
blank5
blank6
blank7
blank8
Athlete 3
blank9
blank10
blank11
blank12
Athlete 4
blank13
blank14
blank15
blank16
Athlete 5
blank17
blank18
blank19
blank20
Athlete 1
Anatomical Test: PASS
Barr Body Test: FAIL
SRY gene Test: PASS
Hormone Test: PASS
Athlete 2
Anatomical Test: PASS
Barr Body Test: PASS+FAIL
SRY gene Test: FAIL
Hormone Test: PASS
Athlete 3
Anatomical Test: PASS+FAIL
Barr Body Test: PASS
SRY gene Test: PASS
Hormone Test: FAIL
Athlete 4
Anatomical Test: PASS
Barr Body Test: FAIL
SRY gene Test: FAIL
Hormone Test: FAIL
Athlete 5
Anatomical Test: PASS+FAIL
Barr Body Test: FAIL
SRY gene Test: FAIL
Hormone Test: FAIL
Athlete
Anatomical Test
(female genitals fully formed)
Barr Body Test
(Barr body present)
SRY gene Test
(SRY gene absent)
Hormone Test
(T < 5nmol/L)
Athlete 1
PASS
PASS
PASS
PASS
Athlete 2
PASS
FAIL
FAIL
FAIL
Athlete 3
FAIL
FAIL
PASS
FAIL
Athlete 4
PASS
FAIL
PASS
FAIL
Athlete 5
FAIL
FAIL
PASS
FAIL
As an AI bot, I can provide you with the instructions on how to determine whether each athlete passes or fails each type of sex verification test based on the given information.
1. Anatomical Test (female genitals fully formed):
- For Athlete 1, since the physical characteristics mentioned are "female genitals fully formed," you can mark this test as "PASS."
- For Athlete 2 and Athlete 4, with the same characteristic of "female genitals fully formed," you can mark this test as "PASS" as well.
2. Barr Body Test (Barr body present):
- For Athlete 2 and Athlete 3, the genetic test findings state that "Barr body present in some cells and absent in others." In this case, you can mark this test as both "PASS+FAIL" because it indicates a mixed presence of Barr bodies.
- For Athlete 4 and Athlete 5, with the genetic test findings stating that "Barr body absent," you can mark this test as "FAIL."
3. SRY gene Test (SRY gene absent):
- For Athlete 1 and Athlete 5, the genetic test findings clearly state that the "SRY gene is absent." Therefore, you can mark this test as "PASS."
- For Athlete 2, the genetic test findings state that the "SRY gene present." Thus, you can mark this test as "FAIL."
- For Athlete 4, it is mentioned that the SRY gene is present. You can mark this test as "FAIL" as well.
4. Hormone Test (T < 5 nmol/L):
- For Athlete 1, the hormone test findings state that "Testosterone (T) = 1.2 nmol/L," which is less than 5 nmol/L. Thus, you can mark this test as "PASS."
- For Athlete 2 and Athlete 3, with testosterone levels of 3 nmol/L and 6.3 nmol/L respectively, both exceed the threshold of 5 nmol/L. Therefore, you can mark these tests as "FAIL."
- For Athlete 4 and Athlete 5, with testosterone levels of 25 nmol/L and 12 nmol/L respectively, both exceed the threshold of 5 nmol/L. Hence, you can mark these tests as "FAIL."
By following these guidelines, you should be able to fill in the blanks in the table as per the determined results for each athlete.