When you cite, or paraphrase within your article which formula do you follow if the reference is at the end of the sentence:
When citing or paraphrasing within your article, the formula to follow if the reference is at the end of the sentence is as follows:
Author's Last name, Author's First Initial. (Year of publication). Title of the article or book. Title of the Journal or Journal, Volume number(Issue number), Page number(s).
When citing or paraphrasing within an article, if the reference is at the end of the sentence, you generally follow the following formula:
1. Author's Last name, Author's First Initial. (Year). Title of the article or book. Title of the journal or the book it was published in, Volume(Issue), page numbers. DOI or URL (if applicable).
For example, if you are citing a book called "The Great Gatsby" by F. Scott Fitzgerald published in 1925, the citation would look like this:
(Fitzgerald, F.S. (1925). The Great Gatsby.)
If you are citing a journal article called "The Effects of Climate Change on Biodiversity" by J. Smith published in 2020 in the journal "Environmental Science," the citation would look like this:
(Smith, J. (2020). The Effects of Climate Change on Biodiversity. Environmental Science, 10(2), 123-145.)
Remember to include the author's last name and first initial, the publication year, the title of the article or book, the title of the journal or book it was published in, and the relevant page numbers.
When citing or paraphrasing within an article, there are different formulae or citation styles that you can follow to include references at the end of a sentence. The choice of formula or citation style generally depends on the specific guidelines of the publication or the preferred style of the author or organization. Two common citation styles used in academic writing are the American Psychological Association (APA) style and the Modern Language Association (MLA) style.
In APA style, when the reference is at the end of the sentence, you include the author's last name, the publication year, and the page number (if applicable), all enclosed in parentheses. For example:
- Citing a direct quote: "According to Smith (2019), 'This is a direct quote' (p. 25)."
- Citing a paraphrase: One study found that the results were inconclusive (Smith, 2019).
In MLA style, when the reference is at the end of the sentence, you include only the author's last name and the page number, without any parenthesis. For example:
- Citing a direct quote: "This is a direct quote" (Smith 25).
- Citing a paraphrase: One study found that the results were inconclusive (Smith 25).
It is important to note that these examples are general guidelines, and it is always a good idea to consult the specific citation style guide or the instructions provided by the publication to ensure accurate and consistent citation formatting.