An earthquake has a high magnitude but a low intensity. Which statement best explains this?
A- magnitude measures the energy released by earthquake while intensity measures the amount of damage
B magnitude measures the duration of the earthquake while intensity measures the energy released by the earthquake
C magnitude measures the duration of the earthquake while intensity measures the amount of damage
D magnitude measures the energy released by the earthquake while intensity measures its duration
A- magnitude measures the energy released by earthquake while intensity measures the amount of damage
The correct statement is A- magnitude measures the energy released by the earthquake while intensity measures the amount of damage.
The correct statement that explains why an earthquake can have a high magnitude but a low intensity is:
A- Magnitude measures the energy released by the earthquake, while intensity measures the amount of damage.
To understand this, it is important to know the definitions of magnitude and intensity in the context of earthquakes:
- Magnitude: Magnitude measures the energy released by an earthquake at its source. It is determined using seismographs, which measure the amplitude of seismic waves. Magnitude is typically expressed on the Richter scale or moment magnitude scale (Mw), and it provides an indication of the earthquake's size.
- Intensity: Intensity, on the other hand, measures the effects of an earthquake on the Earth's surface and the amount of damage it causes. It takes into account factors such as the distance from the epicenter, local geological conditions, building structures, and human perception. Intensity is typically reported using the Modified Mercalli Intensity (MMI) scale, which ranges from I (not felt) to XII (total destruction).
With this understanding, it's possible for an earthquake to have a high magnitude but a low intensity. For example, if an earthquake occurs in a remote and sparsely populated area, it may release a significant amount of energy (high magnitude) but cause little to no damage (low intensity) due to the lack of vulnerable infrastructure or human presence.