1. What is the original source of energy in the food you eat?
A. Photosynthesis
B. Sun
C. Plans
D. Sugar
2. Why are leaves red in the fall?
A. Chlorophyll breaks down because there's less sunlight.
B. Mitochondria breaks down because there's less sunlight.
C. Chlorophyll absorbs red in the fall, rather than green
D. Chlorophyll reflects green light in the fall.
3. Which statement is true?
A. The Calvin cycle is the light-independent (does not need light) step of photosynthesis and happens in the thylakoid membrane.
B. The Calvin cycle is the light-independent (does not need light) step of photosynthesis and happens in the stroma.
C. The Calvin cycle is the light-dependent (needs light) step of photosynthesis and happens in the thylakoid membrane.
D. The Calvin cycle is the light-dependent (needs light) step of photosynthesis and happens in the stroma.
4. Which equation best models cellular respiration?
A. 6H2O + 6CO2 → C6H12O6 + 6O2 + Energy
B. C6H12O6 + 6O2 + 6CO2 → 6H2O + Energy
C. 6H2O + 6CO2 + Energy → C6H12O6 + 6O2
D. C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6H2O + 6CO2 + Energy
5. The following are steps of cellular respiration except
A. electron transport chain
B. glycolysis
C. electrolysis
D. the Krebs cycle
6. Which molecule provides the activation energy that is required to start glycolysis?
A. Water
B. Sugar
C. Carbon dioxide
D. ATP
7. Which compound is a reactant in cellular respiration?
A. Carbon dioxide
B. ATP
C. Oxygen
D. Water
8. Choose true or false
True
False
The Light Cycle occurs in the thylakoid
The "Dark Cycle" aka the Calvin Cycle must occur in the dark.
Plants release CO2 during photosynthesis
The Calvin Cycle occurs in the mitochondria
9. Photosynthesis occurs in the----- Cellular respiration occurs in the---
Golgi apparatus
Chloroplast
Ribosome
Mitochondria
10. Which of these would be considered an ectotherm?
A. Poor bear
B. Red tailed hawk
C. Lion
D. Rattlesnake
11. The first step of photosynthesis is the---- the second step of photosynthesis is called the---- Once glucose is created from sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide, the plant can then perform cellular respiration to obtain ATP (energy) needed to live. The steps of cellular respiration are (IN ORDER)-------,--------and -------
light cycle
Krebs cycle
Glycolysis
Calvin cycle
Electron transport chain (ETC)
12. Where does the Calvin cycle occur?
A. Mitochondria
B. Ribosomes
C. Stroma
D. Thylakoid
13. If 1,000 calories = 1 kcal, and 1 kcal = 1 Cal, how many Cal are in 500 calories?
A. 500 Cal
B. 2 Cal
C. 200 Cal .
D. O.5 Cal
1. B. Sun
2. A. Chlorophyll breaks down because there's less sunlight.
3. B. The Calvin cycle is the light-independent (does not need light) step of photosynthesis and happens in the stroma.
4. D. C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6H2O + 6CO2 + Energy
5. C. electrolysis
6. D. ATP
7. C. Oxygen
8. False, True, True, False
9. Chloroplast, Mitochondria
10. D. Rattlesnake
11. Light cycle, Calvin cycle, Glycolysis, Krebs cycle, Electron transport chain (ETC)
12. C. Stroma
13. C. 200 Cal
1. The correct answer is B. Sun. The original source of energy in the food you eat is the Sun.
2. The correct answer is A. Chlorophyll breaks down because there's less sunlight. In the fall, chlorophyll breaks down in leaves due to reduced sunlight, revealing the red pigments that were present but masked by chlorophyll.
3. The correct answer is B. The Calvin cycle is the light-independent (does not need light) step of photosynthesis and happens in the stroma. The Calvin cycle is responsible for converting carbon dioxide into glucose in the presence of ATP and NADPH, which are products of the light-dependent reactions that occur in the thylakoid membrane.
4. The correct answer is D. C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6H2O + 6CO2 + Energy. This equation best models cellular respiration, where glucose and oxygen are consumed and water, carbon dioxide, and energy (in the form of ATP) are produced.
5. The correct answer is C. Electrolysis. Electrolysis is not a step of cellular respiration. The other options - electron transport chain, glycolysis, and the Krebs cycle - are all steps of cellular respiration.
6. The correct answer is D. ATP. ATP provides the activation energy required to start glycolysis by transferring a phosphate group to glucose, making it more reactive and allowing it to be broken down into smaller molecules.
7. The correct answer is C. Oxygen. Oxygen is a reactant in cellular respiration and is used as the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain to generate ATP.
8. The correct answers are:
- False. The Light Cycle (light-dependent reactions) occurs in the thylakoid.
- False. The "Dark Cycle" aka the Calvin Cycle can occur in the light or dark, as it does not depend on direct sunlight.
- True. Plants release CO2 during photosynthesis.
- False. The Calvin Cycle occurs in the stroma, not mitochondria.
9. The correct answers are:
- Photosynthesis occurs in the Chloroplast.
- Cellular respiration occurs in the Mitochondria.
10. The correct answer is D. Rattlesnake. An ectotherm is an organism that regulates its body temperature using external sources, such as the environment. Among the given options, a rattlesnake is the most likely ectotherm since it relies on external sources to regulate its body temperature.
11. The correct answers are:
- The first step of photosynthesis is the Light Cycle.
- The second step of photosynthesis is called the Calvin Cycle.
- Once glucose is created from sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide, the plant can then perform cellular respiration to obtain ATP (energy) needed to live. The steps of cellular respiration, in order, are Glycolysis, the Krebs cycle (also known as the Citric Acid Cycle), and the Electron transport chain (ETC).
12. The correct answer is C. Stroma. The Calvin cycle occurs in the stroma of the chloroplast, which is the fluid-filled area surrounding the thylakoid membranes.
13. The correct answer is C. 200 Cal. If 1 kcal = 1 Cal, then 500 calories is equivalent to 500 kcal, which is equal to 500 Cal.
1. The original source of energy in the food we eat is photosynthesis. To get this answer, you can recall that photosynthesis is the process by which plants convert sunlight into chemical energy in the form of glucose, and this glucose is eventually used as the source of energy for all living organisms.
2. Leaves are red in the fall because chlorophyll breaks down due to less sunlight. To find this answer, you can understand that chlorophyll is responsible for the green color of leaves and is essential for photosynthesis. As the days get shorter and sunlight decreases in the fall, the chlorophyll breaks down, revealing other pigments in the leaves, such as red and orange.
3. The correct statement is B. The Calvin cycle is the light-independent (does not need light) step of photosynthesis and happens in the stroma. To determine this answer, you can recall that the Calvin cycle is the process in which plants use the stored energy from light-dependent reactions to convert CO2 into glucose. It occurs in the stroma, which is the fluid-filled space within the chloroplast.
4. The equation that best models cellular respiration is D. C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6H2O + 6CO2 + Energy. To arrive at this answer, you should know that cellular respiration is the process by which cells break down glucose and other molecules to release energy. The reactants in cellular respiration are glucose and oxygen, which are converted into water, carbon dioxide, and energy.
5. The step of cellular respiration that is not included is C. Electrolysis. To figure this out, you can recall that cellular respiration consists of glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain. Electrolysis is not part of cellular respiration and refers to a different process of separating compounds using an electric current.
6. The molecule that provides the activation energy required to start glycolysis is D. ATP. To find this answer, you can understand that ATP (adenosine triphosphate) is a high-energy molecule that carries energy within cells. It provides the necessary activation energy to initiate glycolysis, the first step of cellular respiration.
7. The compound that is a reactant in cellular respiration is C. Oxygen. To arrive at this answer, you can recall that cellular respiration is an aerobic process that requires oxygen as the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain to produce energy.
8. The following statements are true:
- False: The Light Cycle occurs in the thylakoid. To determine this, you need to know that the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis, also known as the Light Cycle, occur in the thylakoid membrane of the chloroplasts.
- False: The "Dark Cycle" aka the Calvin Cycle must occur in the dark. This statement is false because the Calvin Cycle, which is the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis, can occur in the presence of light or in darkness.
- False: Plants release CO2 during photosynthesis. This statement is true because during the process of photosynthesis, plants take in carbon dioxide and release oxygen as a byproduct.
- False: The Calvin Cycle occurs in the mitochondria. This statement is false because the Calvin Cycle takes place in the stroma of the chloroplasts.
9. Photosynthesis occurs in the Chloroplast, and cellular respiration occurs in the Mitochondria. To find this answer, you need to know the specific organelles where these processes take place. Photosynthesis happens in the chloroplasts, specifically in the thylakoid membrane and the stroma, while cellular respiration occurs in the mitochondria.
10. An ectotherm refers to an organism that relies on external sources of heat to regulate its body temperature. The correct answer is D. Rattlesnake. To determine this, you can recall that ectotherms are cold-blooded animals that obtain heat from their surroundings. Rattlesnakes, like other reptiles, rely on external heat sources, such as the sun, to regulate their body temperature.
11. The first step of photosynthesis is the Light Cycle, the second step is called the Calvin cycle. Once glucose is created from sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide, the plant can then perform cellular respiration to obtain ATP (energy) needed to live. The steps of cellular respiration are in the following order: Glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and the Electron transport chain (ETC).
12. The Calvin cycle occurs in the C. Stroma. To find this answer, you need to know that the Calvin cycle, which is the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis, occurs in the stroma of the chloroplasts. This is where the conversion of CO2 into glucose takes place.
13. If 1,000 calories = 1 kcal, and 1 kcal = 1 Cal, then there are 0.5 Cal in 500 calories. To calculate this, you can use the conversion factors provided. First, 1,000 calories is equal to 1 kcal, and since 1 kcal is equal to 1 Cal, you can divide 500 calories by 1,000 to convert it to kcal. Finally, since 1 kcal is equal to 1 Cal, there are 0.5 Calories in 500 calories.