Which of the following could be seen as an example of a cultural achievement of the Portuguese maritime empire? (1 point)
1. The Portuguese monopolized the Indian Ocean trade routes for over a century.
2. Portuguese trade introduced some New World crops through the Columbian Exchange.
3. The Portuguese spread Christianity with great success, winning over the favor of rulers in China.
4. The Portuguese built large cities that became capitals of the nations they overtook with the use of gunpower.
1. The Portuguese monopolized the Indian Ocean trade routes for over a century.
The answer is:
2. Portuguese trade introduced some New World crops through the Columbian Exchange.
To determine which of the options could be seen as a cultural achievement of the Portuguese maritime empire, we need to analyze each statement individually.
1. The statement that the Portuguese monopolized the Indian Ocean trade routes for over a century could be seen as a cultural achievement. The establishment of this monopoly helped facilitate cultural exchange and contributed to the spread of Portuguese influence across different regions. Therefore, this statement qualifies as a potential example.
2. The statement that Portuguese trade introduced some New World crops through the Columbian Exchange is not directly related to a cultural achievement of the Portuguese maritime empire. While this trade did have cultural implications, it is more closely related to economic and agricultural impacts. Therefore, this statement does not qualify as an example of a cultural achievement.
3. The statement that the Portuguese spread Christianity with great success, winning over the favor of rulers in China is, indeed, a cultural achievement. The ability to spread their religious beliefs and gain the approval of rulers in distant lands indicates cultural influence. Thus, this statement also qualifies as a possible example.
4. The statement that the Portuguese built large cities that became capitals of the nations they overtook with the use of gunpowder is more closely related to political and military achievements rather than cultural ones. Although it may have had cultural repercussions, it is not directly representative of a cultural achievement. Hence, this statement does not qualify as an example.
Based on this analysis, options 1 and 3 (The Portuguese monopolized the Indian Ocean trade routes for over a century and The Portuguese spread Christianity with great success, winning over the favor of rulers in China) could both be seen as examples of cultural achievements of the Portuguese maritime empire.