when a ball bounces, what actions and reaction forces do the ball and the ground exert
When a ball bounces, there are two main actions and reaction forces at play: the force exerted by the ball on the ground (action force) and the force exerted by the ground on the ball (reaction force).
1. Action force by the ball on the ground: When the ball hits the ground, it exerts a downward force on the ground. This force is caused by the ball's weight and acceleration due to gravity. The ball compresses as it makes contact with the ground, and this deformation increases the force exerted on the ground.
2. Reaction force by the ground on the ball: As a response to the action force from the ball, the ground exerts an equal and opposite force on the ball. This reaction force propels the ball upwards into the air. The ground applies an upward force to the ball, causing it to bounce back.
Overall, the action force by the ball on the ground and the reaction force by the ground on the ball are equal in magnitude but opposite in direction, following Newton's third law of motion.
When a ball bounces, there are two main forces involved: the action force and the reaction force.
1. Action Force (Exerted by the Ball): When the ball is in contact with the ground, it exerts a downward force on the ground. This force is caused by the weight of the ball and is known as the action force. It is equal to the weight of the ball (mass x acceleration due to gravity).
2. Reaction Force (Exerted by the Ground): According to Newton's third law of motion, the ground exerts an equal and opposite force on the ball. This force is known as the reaction force and is directed upwards. It is responsible for bouncing the ball back into the air.
So, to summarize:
- The action force is exerted by the ball on the ground, directed downward.
- The reaction force is exerted by the ground on the ball, directed upward.
When a ball bounces, there are two main forces involved: the action force and the reaction force.
1. Action Force: The ball exerts an action force on the ground when it collides with the surface. This force is exerted in the downward direction and is commonly referred to as the "impact force." It is caused by the ball's weight and acceleration due to gravity.
2. Reaction Force: As a result of the action force, the ground exerts a reaction force on the ball. This force is exerted in the upward direction and is commonly referred to as the "normal force." The normal force is a contact force exerted by any surface to support the weight of an object resting on it and acts perpendicular to the surface.
It's essential to note that the magnitudes of the action and reaction forces are equal. According to Newton's third law of motion, for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. Therefore, as the ball exerts a force on the ground, the ground exerts an equal and opposite force back on the ball.
This reaction force from the ground propels the ball upward, causing it to bounce back. The ball's elasticity and the conservation of momentum come into play as well, allowing the ball to regain its shape and store some of the applied energy, which aids in its upward bounce.