The following are features of quality circles except
A. WITS
B. Five to ten members
C. Leadership
D. Volantary membership
C. Leadership
The correct answer is A. WITS. The features of quality circles include five to ten members, leadership, and voluntary membership.
To determine the correct answer, we need to understand what quality circles are and the features associated with them. Quality circles are small groups of employees who voluntarily come together to identify, analyze, and solve work-related problems within an organization. They typically consist of five to ten members and are focused on continuous improvement.
Let's analyze each of the options:
A. WITS: This term is not commonly associated with quality circles, and its relevance is not clear. We can discard this option as a potential correct answer.
B. Five to ten members: This is a commonly recognized feature of quality circles. They are usually composed of a small number of members to facilitate effective participation, collaboration, and decision-making. This is a valid feature of quality circles, and therefore, it does not fit the question's requirement.
C. Leadership: Quality circles often have a designated leader who facilitates meetings, guides the process, and encourages participation. Leadership is an integral part of quality circles, thus it does not fit the question's requirement.
D. Voluntary membership: This feature is a critical characteristic of quality circles. As the purpose of quality circles is to engage employees and empower them to contribute to problem-solving, membership is typically voluntary. This is a valid feature and also the exception listed in the question.
Therefore, the correct answer is D. Voluntary membership, as it does not align with the features of quality circles.