Refers to factors that were determined at conception
A. Sex
B. Temperament
C. Inherent psychological make up
D. Innate
A. Sex
The factors determined at conception that are often referred to include:
A. Sex: The biological determination of being male or female is determined by the presence or absence of the Y chromosome during conception.
B. Temperament: Some aspects of an individual's temperament, such as their general disposition, level of activity, and emotional reactivity, may have a genetic basis that is determined at conception.
C. Inherent psychological make up: Certain psychological traits, such as intelligence and certain personality traits, may have a genetic component that is determined at conception.
D. Innate: This term generally refers to characteristics, qualities, or behaviors that are present from birth or very early in life, reinforcing that some traits and abilities are already present and can be influenced by genetic factors determined at conception.
The correct answer is D. Innate.
To understand why this is the correct answer, let's examine the provided options:
A. Sex - While sex is determined at conception by the presence or absence of a Y chromosome, it primarily refers to the biological differences between males and females. However, factors such as temperament and psychological make up are not exclusively determined by one's sex.
B. Temperament - Temperament refers to an individual's natural inclination or predisposition towards certain behaviors or emotional responses. It is influenced by various factors, including genetics, environment, and experiences. Although there may be a genetic component to temperament, it is not solely determined at conception.
C. Inherent psychological make up - This option is quite similar to temperament and refers to an individual's psychological characteristics, such as personality traits, cognitive abilities, and emotional tendencies. Similar to temperament, the inherent psychological make up is influenced by a combination of genetic and environmental factors and is not solely determined at conception.
D. Innate - Innate refers to something that is present or occurs naturally, without being learned or acquired. In the context of the given options, innate refers to those factors that are determined at conception. These factors are inherent to an individual and arise from their genetic makeup and biological characteristics.
Therefore, the most accurate answer is D. Innate, as it encompasses the factors determined at conception.