Charles Darwin noticed that finches on different islands of the Galápagos Islands were similar but that their beaks were different. What explanation for these differences did he propose?
Geospiza_beaks_630caab6662f2.jpg
a
The beaks of the finches are adapted to the way the bird usually gets food.
b
Beak size is related to the size of the finch.
c
The different beaks of the finches would one day evolve into identical beaks.
a The beaks of the finches are adapted to the way the bird usually gets food.
How does an entire population become adapted to its environment?
a
Individuals develop changes during their lifetime and pass good changes to their offspring.
b
Traits that help individuals survive and reproduce become more common in the population over successive generations.
c
A population chooses which traits will help it survive.
d
Each new variation becomes an adaptation as the organisms learn to use it.
b Traits that help individuals survive and reproduce become more common in the population over successive generations.
Match each definition in the first column with the correct word in the second column.
Column A
1.
fossil:
fossil
2.
evolution:
evolution
3.
diversity:
diversity
4.
extinction:
extinction
5.
natural selection:
natural selection
Column B
a. the change in an organism over time
b. the solidified remains or imprints of a once-living organism
c. the process by which individuals that are better adapted to the environment are more likely to survive and reproduce than others
d. a measure of the number of species an area contains
e. the disappearance of ALL members of a species from Earth
Column A
1. fossil: b. the solidified remains or imprints of a once-living organism
2. evolution: a. the change in an organism over time
3. diversity: d. a measure of the number of species an area contains
4. extinction: e. the disappearance of ALL members of a species from Earth
5. natural selection: c. the process by which individuals that are better adapted to the environment are more likely to survive and reproduce than others
Watch, "Charles Darwin- The Theory of Natural Selection" and choose the correct term that refers to the process by which individuals that are better adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce?
a
variation
b
overproduction
c
natural selection
d
competition
c natural selection
When humans burn fossil fuels a huge amount of carbon dioxide is released into the _________ and the rest becomes dissolved in the ocean.
a
cryosphere
b
geosphere
c
atmosphere
d
hydrosphere
c atmosphere
Watch, "What are Earth's Systems?" and match the descriptions that describe the correct earth system.
Column A
1.
hydrosphere:
hydrosphere
2.
lithosphere:
lithosphere
3.
biosphere:
biosphere
4.
cryosphere:
cryosphere
Column B
a. composted of all the liquid water on or near the earth
b. composed of the frozen parts of the planet that includes snow and ice on land, ice caps, glaciers, permafrost, and sea ice
c. composed of all living things
d. the outer layer of Earth, composed of the crust and the upper mantle