Investigate the concept of utilitarianism. Which example best fits the philosophical idea?(1 point)
Responses
The needs of the one outweigh the needs of the many.
The needs of the one outweigh the needs of the many.
The needs of the many outweigh the needs of the few.
The needs of the many outweigh the needs of the few.
We either all succeed, or we all fail, no in-between.
We either all succeed, or we all fail, no in-between.
If it makes me happy, then it doesn’t matter if it makes everyone else unhappy.
The needs of the many outweigh the needs of the few.
the Scientific Revolution
Women and men should be educated equally and in accordance with Enlightenment ideas.
The government builds a road from a city to a major seaport and charges a fee for cars to drive on that road.
What previous movement inspired the Enlightenment?(1 point)
Responses
the Scientific Revolution
the Scientific Revolution
the French Revolution
the French Revolution
the American Independence movement
the American Independence movement
the age of reason
Which statement best summarizes the ideas of Mary Wollstonecraft?(1 point)
Responses
Women should be trained as teachers in accordance with Enlightenment ideas.
Women should be trained as teachers in accordance with Enlightenment ideas.
Enlightenment ideas were irrational and limited.
Enlightenment ideas were irrational and limited.
Women and men should both be educated, but not equally.
Women and men should both be educated, but not equally.
Women and men should be educated equally and in accordance with Enlightenment ideas.
Identify which of the following examples reflects a way Adam Smith thought the government should be involved in the economy.(1 point)
Responses
The government decides to prohibit box companies from selling their boxes to another country overseas.
The government decides to prohibit box companies from selling their boxes to another country overseas.
The government decides to let businesses set new policies about international trade.
The government decides to let businesses set new policies about international trade.
The government decides to limit how many flowers any individual person can buy because supply is limited.
The government decides to limit how many flowers any individual person can buy because supply is limited.
The government builds a road from a city to a major seaport and charges a fee for cars to drive on that road.
Which of the following offers the best comparison between Hobbes’s and Locke’s perspectives on the divine right of kings?(1 point)
Responses
As Christians, both accepted the divine right of kings.
As Christians, both accepted the divine right of kings.
Both saw the divine right of kings as unnatural and bad.
Both saw the divine right of kings as unnatural and bad.
Hobbes supported the divine right of kings as absolute monarchs.
Hobbes supported the divine right of kings as absolute monarchs.
Locke supported the divine right of kings because it gave people more freedom
To investigate the concept of utilitarianism, let's first understand what it means. Utilitarianism is an ethical theory that evaluates actions based on their consequences and aims to maximize overall happiness or well-being for the greatest number of people. It holds that the right action is the one that produces the most overall happiness.
Now, let's analyze the given options to determine the one that best fits the philosophical idea of utilitarianism.
1. "The needs of the one outweigh the needs of the many." - This statement contradicts utilitarianism because it prioritizes the needs of an individual over the needs of a larger group. In utilitarianism, the emphasis is on maximizing overall happiness, not favoring one individual.
2. "The needs of the many outweigh the needs of the few." - This statement aligns with the philosophical idea of utilitarianism. Utilitarianism focuses on maximizing overall happiness for the greatest number of people, so prioritizing the needs of the many over the needs of the few is consistent with this ethical theory.
3. "We either all succeed, or we all fail, no in-between." - This statement does not specifically address the concept of utilitarianism. It emphasizes the idea of collective success or failure but does not directly relate to the maximization of overall happiness, which is a central tenet of utilitarianism.
4. "If it makes me happy, then it doesn't matter if it makes everyone else unhappy." - This statement contradicts utilitarianism as it prioritizes individual happiness without considering the overall happiness of others. Utilitarianism aims to maximize overall happiness, so an action that brings happiness to one person while causing unhappiness to many others would typically be seen as morally problematic under utilitarianism.
Based on the provided options, option 2 ("The needs of the many outweigh the needs of the few") best fits the philosophical idea of utilitarianism since it aligns with the principle of maximizing overall happiness for the greatest number of people.